Research Article

Journal of Orthoptera Research 2019, 28(2): 107-124

Review of the genus Pferanabropsis (Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) with

description of six new species

SIGFRID INGRISCH!

1 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany.

Corresponding author: Sigfrid Ingrisch (S.Ingrisch@leibniz-zfmk.de)

Academic editor: Klaus-Gerhard Heller | Received 5 December 2018 | Accepted 16 January 2019 | Published 6 August 2019

http://zoobank.org/C15EAEFB-4227-4445-B7C7-93D76E03F646

Citation: Ingrisch S (2019) Review of the genus Pteranabropsis (Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) with description of six new species. Journal of

Orthoptera Research 28(2): 107-124. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.32182

Abstract

The genus Pteranabropsis is reviewed. Diagnostic characters for the su-
perficially similar species of the genus are discussed. An extended key to
the species is provided. Six new species are described: P. angusta sp. nov., P.
cuspis sp. nov., P. bavi sp. nov., P. copia sp. nov., and P. pusilla sp. nov. from
northern Vietnam, and P. guadun sp. nov. from the Wuyishan Mountains
in China. Types and all other specimens from Vietnam are stored in ISNB
Brussels; those from Wuyishan in ZFMK Bonn.

Keywords

China, diagnostic characters, dichotomous key, distribution, Orthoptera,
Vietnam

Introduction

The genus Pteranabropsis was established by Gorochov (1988)
for Anabropsis carli Griffini, 1911 from Vietnam. For eighty years,
Anabropsis carli was the only named full-winged Anabropsinae from
Asia. A more detailed treatment of the genus was given by Gorochov
(1998) including a redescription of P. carli, description of a new
species, P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998, and a differential diagnosis
between adults and nymphs of both species and tools to differenti-
ate between their juvenile stages and adults of the apterous genus
Apteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988. Subsequently, Wang et al. (2015)
described five new species from China, and Song et al. (2016) de-
scribed two new species, also from China. Another similar, but mi-
cropterous, new species was described by Shi and Bian (2016) ina
new but closely related genus Brevipenna Shi & Bian, 2016, which is
intermediate between Pteranabropsis and Apteranabropsis.

A collection of Orthoptera obtained from studies of the en-
tomological diversity of Vietnam (Constant and Grootaert 2018)
contained a rich number of Pteranabropsis specimens from various
localities in the northern area of Vietnam, including P. carli and
P. carnarius from the type locality of the latter species (Tam Dao).
Several other individuals of the genus collected in the course of
that project differed significantly from both species and also from
the species of the genus described from China. They are described
here as new species. As the species of the genus show a great over-

all similarity, the differential characters had to be re-evaluated, re-
sulting in an extended key to the species.

Additionally, historical specimens from Guadun (China), for-
merly identified as P. carli and found in the collection of ZFMK,
are included in this study and it is proved to be a new species.

Materials and methods

The current study is based on specimens from the research pro-
ject of “A step further in the Entomodiversity of Vietnam” man-
aged by J. Constant (Constant and Grootaert 2018), housed in the
Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique in Bruxelles.

During the study, I also re-examined two specimens of the ge-
nus from the old Klapperich collection held in ZFMK that were
collected near Kuatun [current spelling Guadun] in the Wuyishan
Mountains, China, in 1938.

A select number of the museum specimens were re-set to allow
the studying of wing shapes and venation. Naming of tegminal
veins follows Ingrisch (2018). That paper also contains a compari-
son with former schemes.

Documentation of the specimens studied was done by photog-
raphy using a Canon D500 with a ring light mounted to a copy-
stand for habitus images and a Canon D6 mounted to the photo
adapter of a Motic M5 for microscopic images. The images were
processed by CaptureOne and stacked with Zerene Stacker.

Abbreviations for depositories: -MHNG -— Muséum d’histoire na-
turelle Geneve, Switzerland; ISNB - Institut royal des Sciences
naturelles de Belgique in Bruxelles, Belgium; ZFMK - Zoological
Research Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn, Germany.

Results

Characters.—Body size, wing length, and wing surface or length
to width ratio varies among species, although there is also vari-
ation among individuals, especially in the more widespread spe-
cies. When the wings are spread, they are of some use for identi-
fication, especially in brachypterous species, since the wings were
reduced to a varying degree, resulting in differences in length to
width ratio. Coloration or intensity of coloration of hind wings

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

108

are occasionally helpful, too. Venation of tegmen follows a com-
mon pattern in all species, but in species with shortened wings,
especially when the tegmen width becomes narrow due to reduc-
tion, the number of media or cubitus branches is reduced.

All three thoracic sternites possess a pair of elongate ventral
projections. The metasternal projections differ rather strikingly
among groups of species. They provide a useful character for iden-
tification and have been used in previous keys.

The male subgenital plate is basically similar in shape, but dif-
fers in details among species. Previous authors have used the pres-
ence or absence of an incision of the apical margin and the way it
is incised as a key character.

The male phallus is fully membranous and lacks sclerites. Al-
though it is structured and the structure is probably species spe-
cific, its shape is of restricted use for identification since in many
museum specimens it is not preserved in a good enough condi-
tion for certain identification. Currently, only Gorochov (1998)
has used it to differentiate between P. carli and P. carnarius. In the
present paper it is illustrated for all species studied but not in-
cluded in the key.

The most significant character for separating the species proved
to be the apical area of the long paraproctal outgrowths in males
when studied at sufficient magnification. One might speculate
that these tools might be used to open the female subgenital plate
during pairing, although that has not been observed so far.

The female subgenital plate has as its basic shape a triangu-
lar, somewhat vaulted basal area and a narrow prolonged apical
area with acute tip. It differs between species by the relation of the
length of the anterior to that of the posterior area and by presence
or absence of minute modifications at the transient zone.

The presence or absence of spines on the ventral margins of
the mid femur has been used in the keys of Wang et al. (2015) and
Song et al. (2016). I avoided that character because of individual
variation within species.

The tibial tympana are rather large and open on both sides in
the basal area of the fore tibia. There is little variation among spe-
cies. In P. carnarius, the open tympana are slightly but markedly
smaller than in the equally large P. carli. The individuals of the
genus are obviously able to hear although the prothoracic spiracle
is not open and wide as in Tettigoniidae but covered by three valves
and a little larger than the meso- and metathoracic spiracles that
are covered by only two valves (Fig. 6C-D, M, R, V). Whether spe-
cies in the genus can produce sound is unknown. No morphologi-
cal modifications that could be interpreted as tools for sound pro-
duction were found, but tremulation and drumming are known in
US and New Zealand Anostostomatidae (Vandergast et al. 2017)
and might also occur in Pteranabropsis. An interesting modification,
as compared to the situation in Tettigoniidae, was found in the
second plate of the mesopleuron, which is obtuse-angularly pro-
longed over its whole width, covers the intersegmental membrane,
and overlaps at the tip with the metapleuron (Fig. 6C). A similar
modification also exists in Gryllacrididae, but is shaped differently.
The surface of the metapleuron is covered by transverse parallel
riblets; also the anterior surface of the metapleuron and the surface
of the mesopleuron are covered by fine and, on the mesopleuron,
very weak transverse riblets.

Distribution of the genus in Vietnam.—An examination of all Orthop-
tera specimens collected at 21 localities during the project “A step
further in the Entomodiversity of Vietnam” showed that Pterana-
bropsis specimens had been collected in seven localities, all of them
in the northern area of Vietnam (Fig. 8). The collections from cen-

S. INGRISCH

tral and southern areas of Vietnam investigated during that project
did not contain any proof of the occurrence of the genus in those
areas. The northern area is, however, somewhat better researched
than the remainder of the country: there were twelve localities in
northern, five in central, and four in southern Vietnam.

The number of voucher specimens of Pteranabropsis per local-
ity varied between one and 14 specimens. The northern area of
Vietnam appears to be a center of diversity for this Asian genus,
as two additional species described from China, P. karnyi Wang et
al. 2015 and P. crenatis Song et al. 2016, were found close to the
border with Vietnam.

Four of the seven localities in which Pteranabropsis was found
hosted two species of the genus, two localities had only one spe-
cies, and one locality had three species.

Four of the seven species from Vietnam reported in this paper
were found at a single locality, two species in two localities, and
only one species, P. carli, in five localities. The latter species was
also reported from nearby localities in southern China (Song et
al. 2016).

Gorochov (1998) reported that at Tam Dao, P. carli and P. car-
narius were found in the same vegetation on leaves and twigs in
the undergrowth of forests. He assumed that they live a similar
mode of life as “waiting predators”. On the other hand, one might
assume that species with a similar way of life living together in the
same habitat have at least some degree of specialization for using
their environment. From the striking difference in the length of
the tibial spines between these two species (compare Fig. 6A-B
vs. J-K), one might assume that they could be adapted to prey of
different size.

Taxonomy
Key to species of Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988

Remark: The Chinese species are included according to the de-
scriptions and images in Wang et al. (2015) and Song et al. (2016).

1 Third thoracic sternite (metasternum) consisting of a pair of triangu-
lar plates with pointed apex. Hind margin of male subgenital plate
truncate. Paraproctal outgrowths tapering apically, slightly exceeding
hind margin of subgenital plate, with apex acute and strongly diverg-
HONG: <TD tees eres coe te Me Ned ath Guest dc P. tibetensis Wang, Liu & Li, 2015

- Either third thoracic sternite terminating into a pair of long cones
(Fig. 2H-M) or, if consisting of a pair of triangular plates (Fig. 2N-
P), then male subgenital plate with incision from apical margin
Ped a en OS Ek Sa AON TER EAS ELT I. RLS RATT Sel PUN Da a! 2

2 Third thoracic sternite terminating in a pair of roughly triangular
plates without or with only short apical cones (Fig. 2N-P). Male
subgenital plate with incision from apical margin (Fig. 2E-G). Para-
proctal outgrowths in subapical area not or only moderately wid-
ened or more strongly swollen and then gradually narrowing into
tip; tip pointing slightly dorso-apicad (not strongly upcurved) with a
minute sclerotised peg, pad, or rim at tip (Fig. 4E-K) 0... ee 3

- Third thoracic sternite terminating in a pair of widened elongate plates
with long roughly cylindrical apical area or more strongly widened
at base and step-like narrowed into narrow apical area (Fig. 2H-M).
Male subgenital plate with apical margin truncate or slightly concave,
without incision (Fig. 2A-D). Paraproctal outgrowths at end strongly
upcurved forming a projection narrowing toward tip, terminating into
a minute stiffened tooth, pad or rim at tip (Figs 3A-N, 4A-D).......... 11

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH

Hind wings for the most part dark brown (Fig. 1J). Paraproctal out-
growths in subapical area with a distinct subapical ventral widening
that acute-angularly narrows towards tip; at tip with a minute, com-
pressed, sclerotised pad (Fig. 4E-G). Ventral spines of fore tibia very
long, distinctly longer than in most other species of the genus; longest
spines 3.1-3.3 x longer than the width of the tibia (Fig. 6J-K)...........

Pie hee Oh Ee Ue DN Se eet P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998
Ventral spines of fore tibia less prolonged, less than three times the
width of the tibia; longest spines 2.2-2.8 x longer than the width of
the tibia in Vietnamese species. Hind wings often greyish or brown-
ish, subtransparent (Fig. 1H-I). Paraproctal outgrowths of different
shape, in subapical area only slightly or not at all widening............ 4
Male subgenital plate with apical incision U-shaped (Fig. 2E-F) or
PUMIPOLIN s,. 03 ho Maossanmsrne taper pansies wanna naenitigs clpreapateradgaapntbarmsaaees 5
Male subgenital plate with apical incision V-shaped (Fig. 2G)........ i
Paraproctal outgrowths in middle narrowed, in subapical area faintly
widened and lateral surface slightly swollen, narrowing as an elon-
gate oval object towards rounded tip that carries a minute sclerotised
pad (Fig. 4H-I). Posterior area of subgenital plate faintly widening
apically, with U-shaped incision from apical margin (Fig. 2F). Fe-
male subgenital plate with narrow apical area very short, less than
half the length of the triangular anterior area (Fig. 5H). Medium
sized species (body male 25 mm, tegmen male 40 mm, tegmen fe-
male 34 mm). North Vietnam. .............ccccsscesseeeeeees P. pusilla sp. nov.
Paraproctal outgrowths without subapical widening, only faintly
curved dotsads Chinese Spectesai4.5.2.000. laws ws dear Wace: 6
Tip of metasternal lobes with a very short cone. Posterior margin of
male subgenital plate with a very narrow incision (rimiform). Para-
proctal outgrowths in apical area faintly sinuate but of sub-equal width
as preceding area; tip membranous, triangular with a stiffened apical
rim (after fig. 2E in Song et al. 2016). Female subgenital plate with
narrow apical area shorter than triangular anterior area (about half as
long). Large species (body male 33-35 mm, tegmen male 44-47 mm,
tegmen female 49 mm after Song et al. 2016). China (Hubei, Guangxi,
Chongqing, Guizhou)...........ccseee P. crenatis Song, Bian & Shi, 2016
Posterior margin of male subgenital plate with a U-shaped incision.
Posterior area of subgenital plate rather strongly widening apically.
Paraproctal outgrowths largely surpassing tip of subgenital plate,
from ventral side with obtuse tips (after drawing 9 in Wang et al.
2015, the exact shape was not described). Large species (body male
33 mm, tegmen 41 mm after Wang et al. 2015). China, Yunnan.......

dL aDAtha no HEU Retreats AiDARD RA aA A P. tenchongensis Wang, Liu & Li, 2015
Male subgenital plate with apical margin oblique but straight on both
sides, in middle with a V-shaped incision with convex margins and ob-
tuse bottom (Fig. 2G). Paraproctal outgrowths in subapical area not
widened, only slightly curved dorsad; tip rounded, has a minute sclero-
tised lamella (Fig. 4J-K). Narrow apical process of female subgenital
plate slightly shorter than triangular basal area and with subparallel
margins; only in apical third narrowed to acute tip .. P. guadun sp. nov.
Different CombinaviOtrol CHATACCEHS Fens erlavnede tersoeelganestnacedatensatelvnniedee 8
Metasternal lobes acute triangular. Posterior margin of subgenital
plate with V-shaped incision (after fig. 11 in Wang et al. 2015; in
text described as “U-shaped”). Posterior area of subgenital plate
not or at most faintly widening apically. Paraproctal outgrowths
in subapical area straight with acute out-curved tips (after fig. 11 in
Warievetsal DOING). cas cssasesaaioete soaisateeaas P. karnyi Wang, Liu & Li, 2015

DitferentCOm DINAION ORCHALACKCTS<o -.PccsceBaaycciiy se araseradenseemees. 9

9

10

11

12

13

109

Lateral margins of male subgenital plate not parallel in apical half.
Paraproctal outgrowths in subapical area slightly sinuate but only
faintly widened, at tip with a minute thorn or lamella (after fig. 6D
inSone etal). 200 Gs). aP asta Teet ers P. infuscata Wang, Liu & Li, 2015
Lateral margins of subgenital plate parallel in apical half............... 10
Incision of posterior margin of subgenital plate shallow, only reach-
ing one sixth of subgenital plate length; occiput with three longitudi-
nal brown stripes (after figs 1D, 7C, F in Song et al. 2016). Paraproc-
tal outgrowths in subapical area straight with obtuse tip (after fig. 17
in Wang et al. 2015) or faintly upcurved but not widened with acute
tip pointing dorso-posteriorly (after fig. 7E-F in Song et al. 2016) ...

Divi sha abate Be del Sede siseructiaas Miybantaeeunaraaaaae P. parallela Wang, Liu & Li, 2015
Incision of posterior margin of subgenital plate deep, about a
quarter of subgenital plate length; occiput with five irregular lon-
gitudinal brown stripes (after figs 1B, 3D, F in Song et al. 2016).
Paraproctal outgrowths in subapical area rather strongly upcurved
but not widened, terminating in a conical tip (after fig. 3E, G in
Sone-et dle ZOG ju wndatsawraitont lates P. incisa Song, Bian & Shi, 2016
Long-winged species; wings distinctly surpassing hind knees of
stretched hind legs; tegmen wide (Fig. 1A). Hind wings when
spread about 1.8 x wider than long. Male paraproctal outgrowths
with dorsally expanded apical area oblique triangular with curved
margins and with blunt tip that carries a narrow stiffened lamella
at dorso-apical margin (Fig. 3A-D). Female subgenital plate with
triangular basal area (1.25-1.45 x longer than wide at base) rather
gradually changing into the narrow apical area (Fig. 5A-C) ............

spc issaa ae ga eae tole Saray a dna CaO tay yh rudd gue e Ser P. carli (Griffini, 1911)
Brachypterous; wings reaching or only slightly surpassing hind knees
of stretched hind legs; often not reaching tip of ovipositor (Fig. 1B-
G). Male paraproctal outgrowths of different shape ...............06 12
Metasternal lobes with wide basal area more distinctly separated
from cylindrical apical area (Fig. 2H, M). Tegmen wider, about 2.2-
2.4 x longer than wide (Fig. 1C-E). When spread, hind wings ap-
pear semi-circular with straight fore margin (about 1.4 x wider than
long). Dorsally expanded apical area of male paraproctal outgrowths
elongate with proximal and distal margins less strongly converging,
at tip truncate and provided with a narrow sclerotised lamella; distal
margin substraight to faintly concave (Fig. 4A-D). Female subgenital
plate moderately wide at base, the elongate-triangular basal area lon-
ger than the narrow apical area; at the transition zone between both
areas with a pair of narrow, elongate lateral depressions separated by
a narrow ridge in between (Fig. 5D-F) ........ eee P. copia sp. nov.
Metasternal lobes gradually narrowing from the wide basal to the
cylindrical apical area (Fig. 2I-L). Tegmen narrower, 2.6-2.9 x longer
than wide. The spread hind wings appear semi-oval with straight fore
margin (about 1.7-1.8 x wider than 1ong)..........cceeeeseeeteeeteeeeee 13
Metasternal lobes with the cylindrical apical area very stout, not dis-
tinctly separated from wider basal area, external margin convex or
straight (Fig. 2L). Male paraproctal outgrowths in apical area only
slightly widening dorsad and at dorsal angle provided with a small,
dorso-ventrally compressed projection pointing apicad and carrying
at tip a stiffened pad; ventral margin of outgrowth with apical angle
widely rounded in lateral view; hind margin of outgrowth in apical
view truncate and somewhat widened (Fig. 3J-N) P. angusta sp. nov.
Metasternal lobes with the cylindrical apical area less stout, external
margin in the transient zone between wide basal and narrow apical

ALeAsCO Mca es (BIg aI KS dbs eae atac ites iceynanndon uc dtee the daeeiGanttan AR 14

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

110

14 Rather robust species with narrow fore wings (2.9 x longer than
wide), hind wings more strongly reduced (Fig. 1B). Male paraproctal
outgrowths in apical area with a large, acute-triangular dorsal pro-
jection that terminates into a minute stiffened pad; hind margin of
outgrowth in lateral view slightly concave, at ventral angle narrowly
rounded (hig. SBHl) field ai trent ce elena ker Een P. cuspis sp. nov.
- Fore wings wider (2.6-2.7 x longer than wide), hind wings less re-
duced, when spread more cycloid (Fig. 1G). Female subgenital plate
moderately wide at base, the elongate-triangular basal area longer
than the narrow apical area; at the transition zone between both ar-
eas the lateral margins are suddenly constricted such that the narrow
apical area has nearly subparallel margins and only at end narrows

LOPACUCC AT Py (EUR CV aecelea erway each cian casa eseblatsCeugess P. bavi sp. nov.
Description of taxa
Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988
Type species. —Type species: Anabropsis carli Griffini, 1911.

Description.—Large to medium sized species (Fig. 1). General
color dark brown to black with irregular light pattern. Head
large, ovoid; forehead subsmooth with very fine transverse stria-
tion. Fastigium verticis swollen and elevated, surface smooth,
with faint depression along midline; lateral ocelli on lateral
surfaces of elevation. Face with fastigium frontis separated by a
transverse furrow from fastigium verticis. Pronotum with well-
defined rim; without lateral angles separating disc from para-
nota; with indication of a transverse furrow separating a slightly
swollen, dorsally flattened, posterior area from funnel-shaped
anterior area; anterior and posterior margins substraight in mid-
dle, ventral margins convex; hind margin of paranota with hu-
meral angle simply rounded. Prosternal lobes near base com-
pressed triangular, afterwards long spiniform, thin; mesosternal
lobes in basal area wide, afterwards elongate, conical to nearly
cylindrical with obtuse tip; metasternal lobes varying between
species, forming either a simple, roughly triangular plate or
with a long sub-cylindrical apical extension (Fig. 2H). Abdomen
without stridulatory teeth. Wing length varying among species
from slightly longer than covering abdomen to largely surpass-
ing knees of stretched hind legs. Venation of tegmen in fully
winged species with two radius and two media branches, cubi-
tus anterior with three branches, cubitus posterior undivided,
with 5-6 anal veins. In species with shortened wings the num-
ber of media and cubitus branches can be reduced. Fore coxa
with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface; also mid-coxa
with a smaller spine at anterior surface. Fore tibiae with large
uncovered tympana on both sides (Fig. 6). Prothoracic spiracle
with three covering valves (Fig. 6D, M, R, V), slightly larger than
meso- and metathoracic spiracles that have only two covering
valves (Fig. 6C). Number of spines on ventral margins of femora
and hind tibiae somewhat variable between species. Fore and
middle tibiae with 4 pairs of long spines and one pair of apical
spurs on ventral margins (Fig. 6); anterior tibia with one long
spine on dorsal inner and an apical spur on both margins, the
inner (anterior) distinctly longer than the outer spine; mid tibia
with two spines and one spur on dorsal outer and 2-3 spines
and one spur on dorsal inner margins.

Male. Ninth abdominal tergite very short; with two short
obtuse expansions on hind margin widely separated from each
other. Tenth abdominal tergite also very short, with a pair of up-

S. INGRISCH

curved hooks inserted just laterally of the expansions of ninth
tergite. Paraprocts with a long roughly cylindrical process, its
shape, especially the apical area, varies between species (para-
proctal outgrowth, Fig. 3-4). Epiproct triangular with shallowly
grooved or furrowed surface; tip subobtuse. Subgenital plate in
widened basal area with upcurved lateral margins; central disc
projecting with parallel or slightly diverging and straight or con-
cave lateral margins; styli present (Fig. 2A-G). Phallus membra-
nous (Fig. 7).

Female. Seventh abdominal sternite unmodified, longer than
sixth sternite. Subgenital plate triangular with extended apical pro-
jection; shape somewhat variable between species (Fig. 5). Ovi-
positor elongate, moderately curved throughout; ventral valves
shorter than dorsal valves; tip of dorsal valves obtuse, tip of ventral
valves acute but hidden under dorsal valves; medial valves narrow,
slightly shorter than ventral valves (Fig. 4L-O).

Etymology.—The genus name Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988 is
derived from the name Anabropsis Rehn, 1901. The gender of
Anabropsis is feminine, this should also apply to Pteranabropsis.
However there are three species names with the masculine end-
ing -us: P. carnarius, P. parallelus, and P. infuscatus. The Latin word
carnarius means “meat eater” and can thus be regarded as noun
in apposition. In contrast, the Latin word parallelus is an adjec-
tive and infuscatus a participle. Both names should be emended
to the feminine forms P. parallela Wang, Liu & Li, 2015 and P. in-
fuscata Wang, Liu & Li, 2015 (ICZN 1999, Agreement in gender,
Art. 31.2 and 34.2).

Pteranabropsis carli (Griffini, 1911)
Figs 1A, 2A, 2J, 3A-D, 5A-C, 6A-E, 7A-F;
photos of holotype in OSF (Cigliano et al. 2018)
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:20152

Holotype (male, not seen).—Vietnam: “Tonkin” (northern area of
Vietnam) (Genéve, MHNG).

Material examined.—Vietnam: Hoang Lien NP, 22°21'N,
103°46'20"E, 1-5.vii.2013, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel (I.G.
32.454), 2 females (Brussels, ISNB); Hoa Binh Prov., Cuc Phuong
National Park, 20°19'N, 105°36'30"E, 11-18.viii.2010, leg. J.
Constant & P. Limbourg (I.G. 31.668), 1 male (Brussels, ISNB);
Ngo Luong Nat. Res., 20°26'16"N, 105°20'15"E, 25-30.vii.2016,
leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel (1.G.: 33.282 GTI project), 1 male
(Brussels, ISNB); Nguyen Binh, Cao Bang, Phia Den (Phia Dén),
22°34'N, 105°53'0"E, 8.viii.2010, leg. J. Constant & P. Limbourg
(1.G. 31.668), 1 female (Brussels, ISNB); Prov. Vinhfu, Tam Dao
N.P., 21°31'N, 105°33'E, 25-28.viii.2010, leg. J. Constant & P.
Limbourg (I.G. 31.668), 2 females (Brussels, ISNB); same local-
ity, 25-30.vii.2011, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel (I.G. 31.933), 4
females, 2 males (Brussels, ISNB). Identification based on the de-
scription in Gorochov (1998).

Diagnosis.—P. carli is characterized by the long and moderately
wide fore wings; the longest ventral spines of the fore tibia are
more than twice as long as the diameter of the tibia. The genicu-
lar area of all legs is usually whitish, rarely slightly infumate. The
paraproctal outgrowths have the apical area suddenly upcurved,
are roughly triangular with the obtuse tip faintly curved posterior-
ly, and carrying along dorsal margin a fine, compressed, stiffened
lamella. The female subgenital plate has the elongate triangular
basal area with substraight to slightly concave lateral margins.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH 111

AUS SRSSSRT SSB:

-+~ wees

Fig. 1. Habitus dorsal view of Pteranabropsis species. A. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) female; B. P. cuspis sp. nov. male; C-E. P. copia sp. nov.
male (C), female from Copia (D), and female from Hoang Lien (E); F. P. angusta sp. nov. male; G. P. bavi sp. nov. female; H. P. guadun
sp. nov. female; I. P. pusilla sp. nov. male; J. P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 male. Scales 10 mm.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH

wine eae pry ba J
mie ¢

iw

FY = >. e.*. 2

Fig. 2. A-G. Male subgenital plate; H. Thoracic sternites; I-P. Metasternum of Pteranabropsis species: P. carli (Griffini, 1911) (A, J);
P. cuspis sp. nov. (B, H); P. copia from type locality (C, M); P. angusta sp. nov. (D, L); P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 (E, N); P. pusilla
sp. nov. (F, O); P. guadun sp. nov. (G, P); P. copia from Hoang Lien (1); P. bavi sp. nov. (K). Abbreviations: cl - fore coxa, c2 —- mid

coxa, c3 — hind coxa, s1 - prosternum, s2 - mesosternum, s3 - metasternum, th - throat with lateral hemispherical sclerites and pair
of papillae, pr - underside of pronotum. Scales 1 mm.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH

The narrow apical area is only slightly shorter than the basal area,
about three quarters of the basal area.

Description.—Large species; habitus as genus. Prosternal lobes
compressed triangular, at beginning of narrow conical apical area
slightly constricted, tip subacute to subobtuse; mesosternal lobes
in basal area wide, afterwards elongate conical to nearly cylin-
drical with subtruncate tip; metasternal lobes compressed, with
concave internal and strongly convex external margins; gradually
passing over into conical (nearly sub-cylindrical) apical area with
obtuse tip (Fig. 2J).

Wings distinctly surpassing hind knees (Fig. 1A). Fore wings
2.3-2.8 x longer than wide. Venation: radius with radius sector
arising in about mid-length of tegmen; media free, two-branched,
branching behind basal third; cubitus anterior three-branched
(CuA + CuPaa + CuPaB after Béthoux 2012), branching in basal
third and before mid-length; cubitus posterior (CuPb) undivided;
with five anal veins, the last one incomplete. Hind wings cycloid,
about 1.8-2.2 x wider than long.

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface;
and mid-coxa with a smaller spine at external (= anterior) margin.
Fore femur with 3-5 small spines at anterior-ventral margin; mid
femur with 3-5 spines at anterior-ventral and 6 smaller spines at
posterior-ventral margin. Hind femora with 5-7 external and 4-5
internal small spines on ventral margins; hind tibiae with dorsal
spines on inner margin larger than on outer margin, ventral mar-
gins with few minute spinules; on both sides with 4 apical spurs,
the dorsal two pairs very large, the following pair medium, the
ventral-most pair small; internal spurs larger than external counter-
parts; ventral margin with 2-4 external and 0-1 internal spinules.

Male. Paraproctal outgrowths long, roughly cylindrical with
rugose and setose surface, apex obtuse with beaked extension with
subobtuse tip that carries a fine, stiff lamella on top (Fig. 3A-D).
Subgenital plate with lateral margins upcurved in basal area; ven-
tral surface behind basal third with obtuse lateral carinae, nearly
parallel in about apical third and little projecting behind apical
margin; apical margin concave, on both sides with a substraight
stylus (Fig. 2A). Phallus membranous (Fig. 7A-F).

Female. Subgenital plate acute-angled triangular in more than
basal half, terminating into a long apical spine with regularly con-
verging margins to acute tip; at transition between basal and apical
areas sometimes slightly sloped (Fig. 5A-C).

Coloration.—Largely black or dark brown with fine and irregular
light spots; pronotum reddish-brown or marbled with dark and
light flecks; legs largely black with light, often white genicular ar-
eas, dorsal surface of fore and mid tibiae of lighter color; posterior
half of hind femora and hind tibiae ochre. Face dark brown to
black, marbled with numerous small lighter spots, in some speci-
mens also with larger medium to dark brown areas; extension of
light and dark areas variable. Tegmen semi-transparent, brown or
blackish-brown with larger dark spots between subcosta and cubi-
tus and smaller dark spots in anal area; in anterior area of lighter
color. Hind wings semi-transparent with a trace of grey, in anterior
area often brownish.

Measurements.—(5 males, 3 females). In mm. Body w/wings:
male 65-72, female 65-66; body w/o wings: male 32-37, female
38-39; pronotum: male 8.5-9.5, female 9.5-10.2; tegmen: male
49.5-58.0, female 52.0-57.7; tegmen width: male 18.5-25.0, fe-
male 20.0-22.9; hind femur: male 31-34, female 34-36; antenna:
male 90-100; ovipositor: female 26.

113

Pteranabropsis angusta sp. nov.
Figs 1F, 2D, 2L, 3J-N, 6H-I, 7K-N
http://zoobank.org/D81AB88B-A1 BE-4BB8-8248-5FA57BABAOD5
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:505862

Holotype (male).—Vietnam: Hoa Binh Prov., Cuc Phuong National
Park, 20°19'N, 105°36'30"E, 11-18.viii.2010, leg. J. Constant & P.
Limbourg (1.G. 31.668) — (Brussels, ISNB).

Other specimens examined.—same data as holotype - 1 male (para-
type) (Brussels, ISNB).

Diagnosis.—The new species is similar to P. carli but has shorter
wings that reach, but do not surpass, the hind knees; the teg-
mina are narrower and the hind wings smaller. The genicular
area of the hind legs is pale but not whitish as in P. carli. The
main diagnostic character to differentiate this species from P.
carli and other species of the genus is the shape of the apical area
of the male paraproctal outgrowths that have the apical area up-
curved as in P. carli but longer, near the end are dorso-ventrally
compressed instead of laterally compressed, and carry at the tip
a stiffened pad pointing apically instead of a dorsal stiffened
margin. The curvature of the external margin of the metasternal
lobes is stronger than that of the internal margin but markedly
less strong than in other species of the genus with conically ex-
tended metasternal lobes. Further differences to other species
are outlined in the key.

Description.—Medium sized species; habitus as genus. Prosternal
lobes compressed triangular, subacute; mesosternal lobes in ba-
sal area moderately wide, afterwards elongate conical to nearly
cylindrical with obtuse to subtruncate tip; metasternal lobes com-
pressed, with concave internal and convex external margins; grad-
ually passing over into conical, nearly sub-cylindrical, apical area
with obtuse tip (Fig. 2L).

Wings just reaching hind knees (Fig. 1F). Fore wings 2.6-2.7
x longer than wide. Venation: radius with radius sector arising be-
tween middle and apical third of tegmen; media anterior fused or
sub-fused in basal area with radius, separating near end of basal
third. In one male the media then divides before mid-length into
two branches and the cubitus anterior also simply divides before
mid-length into two branches; in the other male on right tegmen
only, media anterior, after separation from radius, fuses with a
first branch of cubitus anterior and shortly after divides into two
branches, while on this tegmen, cubitus anterior divides twice and
the first anterior branch fuses with media and shortly after cubitus
anterior divides again into two simple branches; cubitus posterior
free and undivided, with 5 anal veins, the last one incomplete.
Hind wings cycloid, distinctly wider than long (1.70-1.76 x).

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface
and mid-coxa with a smaller spine at anterior margin. Fore and
middle femora with 2-3 small spines at anterior-ventral margins.
Hind femora with 7 external and 6 internal small spines on ven-
tral margins; hind tibiae with dorsal spines on inner margin larger
than on outer margin, ventral margins with few minute spinules;
both sides with 4 apical spurs, the dorsal two pairs very large, the
following pair medium, the ventral-most pair small; internal spurs
larger than external counterparts; ventral margin with 2 external
and 1 internal spinules.

Male. Paraproctal outgrowths long, roughly cylindrical, wid-
ening in apical area with dorsal margin upcurved, later straight

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

114 S. INGRISCH

Fig. 3. Male paraproctal outgrowths in full or only apical area in lateral (A-D, F-G, J-K), apical (E, I, L, M), ventro-apical (H), and
dorsal view (N). A-D. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) four males from Tam Dao (A-B), Cuc Phuong (C), and Ngo Luong (D); E-I. P. cuspis sp.
nov. two males from Ngo Luong; J-N. P. angusta sp. nov. two males from Cuc Phuong. Scales 1 mm.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH

SIRE

a ~

Fig. 4. A-K. Male paraproctal outgrowths in full or only apical area in lateral (A-B, E-F, H, J), apical (C-D, G), ventro-apical (I), and
oblique apical view (K); L-O. Female abdominal apex with ovipositor in lateral view. A-D. P. copia (2 males); E-G. P. carnarius Goro-
chov, 1998 (two males from Tam Dao, in F the hindmost outgrowth is twisted upside down); H-I. P. pusilla sp. nov.; J-K. P. guadun
sp. nov.; L-M. P. copia sp. nov. from Copia (L) and Hoang Lien (M); N. P. bavi sp. nov.; O. P. guadun sp. nov. Scales 1 mm, scale for
ovipositor 10 mm.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

116

and terminating into a compressed vertical lamella in dorsal area
of apical margin, ventral margin broadly rounded (Fig. 3J-N).
Epiproct elongate-triangular with slightly sinuate, stiffened and
slightly elevated lateral margins. Subgenital plate with lateral mar-
gins upcurved and narrowing posteriorly; ventral surface behind
basal third with obtuse lateral carinae, nearly parallel in about
apical third; in apical area also with a faint median carina; apical
margin concave, on both sides with a substraight stylus (Fig. 2D).
Phallus membranous (Fig. 7K-N).
Female unknown.

Coloration.—Brown with light and dark spots. Face blackish-brown
mixed with yellowish, pale to almost white spots; ocelli distinct.
Tegmen semi-transparent, suffused with yellowish-brown except
in anterior area, and provided with dark brown spots. Hind wings
semi-transparent, slightly smoky.

Measurements.—(2 males). In mm. Body w/wings: 48; body w/o
wings: 33-40; pronotum: 9.0-9.2; tegmen: 33.5-34.0; tegmen
width: 12.5-13.0; hind femur: 31-32; antenna: 80.

Etymology.—The new species is named for its comparatively nar-
row wings; from Latin angustus, angusta narrow, slim.

Pteranabropsis cuspis sp. nov.
Figs 1B, 2B, 2H, 3E-I, 6F-G, 7I-J
http://zoobank.org/79D26B42-B6EE-4CF1-BC2B-5581B9C8F2D8
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:505863

Holotype (male).—Vietnam: Hoa Binh Prov., Ngo Luong Nat. Res.,
20°26'16"N, 105°20'15"E, 25-30.vii.2016, leg. J. Constant & J.
Bresseel (1.G.: 33.282 GTI project) - (Brussels, ISNB).

Other specimens examined.—Same data as holotype, 2 males (para-
types) (Brussels, ISNB).

Diagnosis.—The new species is similar to P. angusta sp. nov. but
of more robust habitus. Tegmina and hind wings are of similarly
shortened shape but slightly more reduced in P. cuspis sp. nov.
Diagnostic for the new species is the shape of the paraproctal out-
growths, which resemble those of P. carli (Griffini, 1911) but have
the upcurved apical area longer and narrower than in P. carli or in
P. angusta and carry at nearly acute tip a very small, stiffened pad
not a stiffened dorsal rim as in P. carli and not pointing apicad as
in P. angusta.

Description.—Medium to large sized species; habitus as genus.
Prosternal lobes near base compressed, afterwards long spiniform,
thin; mesosternal lobes in basal area moderately wide, afterwards
elongate conical to nearly cylindrical with obtuse tip; metasternal
lobes compressed, with concave internal and convex external mar-
gins; gradually passing over into conical, nearly sub-cylindrical,
apical area with obtuse tip (Fig. 2H).

Wings not reaching hind knees (Fig. 1B). Fore wings 2.9 x
longer than wide. Venation: radius releases radius sector between
middle and apical third of tegmen; media and cubitus anterior
both with two branches each that fork from their undivided bases
behind basal third of tegmen; cubitus posterior undivided; with
four complete anal veins. Hind wings cycloid, distinctly wider
than long (1.75 x).

S. INGRISCH

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface;
mid coxa with a smaller spine at anterior margin. Fore femur with
1-3 small spines and mid femur with 0-1 spine at anterior-ventral
margins. Hind femora with 3-6 external and 3-6 internal small
spines on ventral margins; hind tibiae with dorsal spines on in-
ner margin larger than on outer margin, ventral margins with few
minute spinules; on both sides with 4 apical spurs, the dorsal two
pairs very large, the following pair medium, the ventral-most pair
small; internal spurs larger than corresponding external counter-
parts; ventral margin with 2 external and 0-1 internal spinules.

Male. Subgenital plate with lateral margins slightly concave
and narrowing posteriorly; apical margin subtruncate, both sides
with a long substraight stylus (Fig. 2B). Paraproctal outgrowths
with a rather long oblique-triangular projection from dorso-apical
margin that carry at nearly acute tip a very small, stiffened pad;
apical margin of outgrowth concave, ventro-apical angle rounded
(Fig. 3E-I). Phallus membranous, shaped as in Fig. 7I-J.

Female unknown.

Coloration.—Different shades of brown, faintly spotted; head dark
brown mixed with light and with black spots; pronotum and hind
femora reddish-brown; hind knees dorsally very light brown; hind
tibiae yellowish-brown. Face in different shades of brown, mixed
with pale and black spots; pronotum and hind femora reddish-
brown; hind knees dorsally ivory yellowish; hind tibiae yellowish-
brown. Tegmen semi-transparent with black spots. Hind wings
greyish, semi-transparent.

Measurements.—(3 males). In mm. Body w/wings: 45-47; body
w/o wings: 35; pronotum: 9.7; tegmen: 33-38; tegmen width: 13;
hind femur: 34; antenna: 80-90.

Etymology.—The new species is named for its narrow acute tip of
the paraproctal outgrowths; from Latin cuspis spine, thorn; noun
in apposition.

Pteranabropsis bavi sp. nov.
Figs 1G, 2K, 4N, 5G
http://zoobank.org/DE4A28EC-B640-4932-8DFD-1A750F3D63AE
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:505864

Holotype (female).—Vietnam: Hanoi prov., BaVi N.P., 21°4'4"N,
105°21'30"E, 25-29.vi.2015, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel (I.G.:
33.092) — (Brussels, ISNB).

Other specimens examined.—Same data as holotype, 1 female (para-
type) (Brussels, ISNB).

Diagnosis.—A brachypterous species with wings reaching or slightly
surpassing hind knees. The new species differs from all other spe-
cies of the genus described so far by the shape of the female sub-
genital plate that has a distinct constriction of both lateral margins
at the transition from the wider basal to the narrow apical area
while in other species there is either a smooth transition or a faint
slope of the surface or there are minute lateral grooves as in P. copia
sp. nov. or P. carnarius. In general, habitus and wing shapes of P.
bavi sp. nov. resemble P. cuspis sp. nov. and P. angusta sp. nov.,
both only known from males, while P. bavi sp. nov. is only known
from females. From P. angusta it differs by the longer and thinner
cylindrical apical area of the metasternal lobes, and from P. cuspis
sp. nov. by wider tegmina and less reduced hind wings. Both other

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH

Fig. 5. Female subgenital plate of A-C. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) from Hoang Lien (A-B) and Tam Dao (C, in oblique view); D-F. P. copia
sp. nov. from Hoang Lien (D-E) and Copia (F); G. P. bavi sp. nov.; H. P. pusilla sp. nov.; I. P. guadun sp. nov.; J-K. P. carnarius Goro-
chov, 1998 from Tam Dao (J) and from BaVi (K, abdomen laterally compressed). The white arrows point at the small lateral grooves,
constrictions or faint steps of the subgenital plates. Scales 1 mm.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

118

species occur in areas close to each other but remote from the local-
ity of P. bavi.

Description.—Medium to large sized species; habitus as genus.
Prosternal lobes near base compressed, afterwards long spiniform,
thin; mesosternal lobes in basal area moderately wide, afterwards
elongate conical to nearly cylindrical with obtuse to subtruncate
tip; metasternal lobes compressed, with concave internal and con-
vex external margins; gradually passing over into conical, nearly
sub-cylindrical, apical area with obtuse tip (Fig. 2K).

Wings not or just reaching hind knees (Fig. 1G). Fore wings
2.6 x longer than wide. Venation: radius with radius sector arising
between middle and apical third of tegmen; media two-branched,
branching before mid-length; cubitus anterior three-branched,
branching before and behind mid-length (on left, folded tegmen,
all three veins branching from a single point before mid-length);
cubitus posterior undivided; with 5 anal veins, the last one incom-
plete. Hind wings cycloid, about 1.7 x wider than long.

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface;
and mid coxa with a smaller spine at anterior margin. Fore femur
with 1-3 small spines and mid femur with 3 spines at anterior-
ventral margins. Hind femora with 1-5 external and 2-4 internal
small spines on ventral margins; hind tibiae with dorsal spines on
inner margin larger than on outer margin, ventral margins with
few minute spinules; on both sides with 4 apical spurs, the dorsal
two pairs very large, the following pair medium, the ventral-most
pair small; internal spurs larger than corresponding external coun-
terparts; ventral margin with 2 external and 1 internal spinules.

Male unknown.

Female. Subgenital plate acute-angled triangular in more than
basal half, followed by a long spiniform posterior area; lateral
margins distinctly constricted at transition between basal and api-
cal areas (Fig. 5G).

Coloration.—Brown with lighter spots, fore and mid femora nearly
black, all femora with ivory colored knees; hind femur to a variable
extent with dorsal surface light ochre. Head: face blackish-brown
with whitish-brown dots and flecks; clypeus, labrum and inner area
of mandibles light brown with dark flecks to almost fully black; area
around medial and lateral ocelli white, ocelli themselves brown;
also anterior dorsal part of fastigium verticis white but midline
black; antennae yellowish, only scapus and clypeus black. Tegmen
semi-transparent brown with dark spots, in anterior area lighter;
hind wings semi-transparent grey, in anterior area brownish.

Measurements.—(2 females). In mm. Body w/wings: 48-50; body
w/o wings: 33-37; pronotum: 10.5-11.5; tegmen: 35-37; tegmen
width: 13.5; hind femur: 35; antenna: 80; ovipositor: 21.5.

Etymology.—The name of the new species refers to the type locality;
noun in apposition.

Pteranabropsis copia sp. nov.
Figs 1C-E, 2C, 21, 2M, 4A-D, 4L-M, 5D-E 6S-V, 7G-H
http://zoobank.org/B29BEOBA-E3E2-4341-8E4F-38204C1640A5
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:505865

Holotype (male).—Vietnam: Son La prov., Copia Nat. Res.,
21°22'12"N, 103°30'42"E, 20-23.vii.2016, leg. J. Constant & J.
Bresseel (GTI project, I.G.: 33.282) - (Brussels, ISNB).

S. INGRISCH

Other specimens examined.—Vietnam: same data as holotype - 4
females, 2 males (paratypes) (Brussels, ISNB); Hoang Lien NP,
22°21'N, 103°46'20"E, 1-5.vii.2013, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel
(1.G. 32.454) — 8 females (Brussels, ISNB).

Diagnosis.—A brachypterous species with wings that only slightly
surpass the hind knees. In contrast to other brachypterous species
of the genus, the fore wings of P. copia sp. nov. are rather wide
(2.2-2.4 x longer than wide) and the spread hind wings are longer
such that they look more like elongated semi-circles, while in most
of the other species mentioned they are more ovoid. Moreover, P.
copia sp. nov. differs from other similar species of the genus by the
very narrow conical apical area of the metasternal lobes that arises
in an almost step-like constriction from the wide basal area. The
male paraproctal outgrowths of the new species resemble those of
P. cuspis sp. nov., but the long dorsal process ends in a rather wide
obtuse tip that carries a narrow stiffened rim, while in P. cuspis it
ends in a subacute tip with minute stiffened pad. The female sub-
genital plate of P. copia is similar to that of P. carli but provided in
the transient zone between the wide basal and the narrow apical
area with small elongate lateral grooves such that the ventral sur-
face of the plate in that area is narrower than the distance between
the dorsal lateral margins.

Description.—Medium sized to moderately large species; general
habitus as genus. Prosternal lobes near base compressed, after-
wards long spiniform, thin; mesosternal lobes in basal area mod-
erately wide, afterwards elongate conical to nearly cylindrical with
obtuse tip; metasternal lobes compressed, with concave internal
and strongly convex external margins; rather suddenly narrowed
into nearly sub-cylindrical apical area with obtuse tip (Fig. 21, M).
Wings slightly surpassing hind knees (Fig. 1C-E). Fore wings
2.2-2.4 x longer than wide. Venation: radius with radius sector
arising between middle and apical third of tegmen; media two-
branched, branching before mid-length; cubitus anterior either
three-branched, branching in basal third and behind mid-length,
or two-branched, branching only in basal third; cubitus posterior
free and undivided; with 5 anal veins, the last one incomplete.
Hind wings nearly semicircular, about 1.4-1.55 x wider than long.
Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface;
mid coxa with a smaller spine at anterior margin. Fore femur with
1-4 small spines and mid femur with 0-3 spines at anterior-ventral
margins; in one male, also with one spine at posterior margin of
one mid femur only. Hind femur with 1-6 external and 1-6 small
internal spines on ventral margins; hind tibia with dorsal spines
on inner margin slightly larger than on outer margin, ventral mar-
gins with few minute spinules; on both sides with 4 apical spurs,
the dorsal two pairs very large, the following pair medium, the
ventral-most pair small; internal spurs larger than external coun-
terparts; ventral margin with 2-3 external and 1 internal spinules.
Male. Paraproctal outgrowths elongate, narrowest in middle,
at end with rounded ventral angle, substraight but slightly oblique
apical margin and elongate-triangular dorsal process, slightly tilt-
ing posteriorly and with truncate tip that carries on top a narrow
stiffened lamella (Fig. 4A-D). Subgenital plate in widened basal
area only slightly swollen; apical area with subparallel lateral mar-
gins that very faintly diverge posteriorly; apical margin substraight
but concave in middle; elongate styli inserted at apico-lateral an-
gles (Fig. 2C). Phallus membranous (Fig. 7G-H).
Female. Subgenital plate acute-angled triangular in more than
basal half, terminating into a long apical spine with regularly con-

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH 119

Fig. 6. A-E. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) male from Ngo Luong (A-D) and Tam Dao (E); F-G. P. cuspis sp. nov. male; H-I. P. angusta sp. nov.
male; J—-M. P. carnarius Gorochov, 1998 male (J) and female from Tam Tao (K-L) and from BaVi (M); N-O. P. pusilla sp. nov. female;
P-R. P. guadun sp. nov. female; S-V. P. copia sp. nov. female (S-T) and male (U-V) from Copia. - Fore tibia external side (A, F, H, K,
N, P, S) and internal side (B, E, G, I-J, L, O, Q, T); thorax in lateral view (C), prothoracic spiracle (D, M, R, V). Abbreviations: cl -
anterior coxa, ms — mesothoracic pleurites, mt - metathoracic pleurites, s1-s3 — first, second and third thoracic spiracles. Scales for legs
and body, 5 mm; for tympana and spiracles, 1 mm.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

120

verging margins to acute tip; at transition between basal and apical
areas with a small elongate groove on both sides (Fig. 5D-F).

Coloration.—Different shades of brown with light and dark brown
mottling; head dark brown with light spots; pronotum and hind
femora of similar color; hind femora towards apical area indis-
tinctly lighter. Head: face blackish-brown with numerous small
and few larger whitish-brown dots, also on scapus; clypeus, la-
brum and inner area of mandibles more uniformly medium or
dark brown. Tegmen semi-transparent brown with indistinct dark
spots, along anterior margin lighter; hind wings semi-transparent
grey-brown, in anterior area clear, subtransparent.

Measurements.—(3 males, 4 females from Copia). In mm. Body w/
wings: male 48-50, female 46-50; body w/o wings: male 27-31,
female 28-35; pronotum: male 6.8-8.0, female 7.5-8.5; tegmen:
male 36-38, female 32-37; tegmen width: male 15.5-16.5, fe-
male 14.0-15.5; hind femur: male 28.5-29.0, female 27-30;
ovipositor: female 19.5-23.0. Index tegmen length : width male
2.24—-2.45, female 2.21-2.40.

Measurements.—(8 females from Hoang Lien). In mm. Body w/
wings: female 39-45; body w/o wings: female 28-32; pronotum:
female 7.8-8.2; tegmen: female 30-33; tegmen width: female 14;
hind femur: female 26-28; ovipositor: female 18-20.

Etymology.—The name of the new species refers to the type locality;
noun in apposition.

Pteranabropsis carnarius Gorochov, 1998
Figs 1J, 2E, 2N, 4E-G, 5J-K, 6J-M, 70-P
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:20139

Specimens examined.—Vietnam: Hanoi prov., BaVi N.P., 21°4'4"N,
105°21'30"E, 25-29.vi.2015, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel (I.G.:
33.092) - 2 females (Brussels, ISNB); Prov. Vinhfu, Tam Dao N.P.,
21°31'N, 105°33’'E, 25-30.vii.2011, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel
(1.G. 31.933) — 1 female, 2 males (Brussels, ISNB).

Diagnosis.—In general characters, P. carnarius differs from all other
species of the genus that I have studied by the wide fore wings, the
dark colored hind wings, and by the very long and distinctly curved
ventral spines of the fore tibia; the longest of these spines are more
than three times (3.3 x) longer than the width of the tibia while in
the other species the longest spines are more than two times longer
than the tibia width but shorter than three times (2.2-2.8 x) and
are only slightly curved or substraight. In sex-specific characters,
males differ from other species by the paraproctal outgrowths that
have the pre-apical area bulging ventrally and then are gradually
narrowed to the tip that carries a small stiffened obtuse pad. Fe-
males have the subgenital plate wide at base with rather strongly
narrowing, substraight lateral margins, and the narrow apical area
short, about half the length of the wide anterior area.

Description.—Large species; habitus as genus. Prosternal lobes
near base compressed, afterwards long spiniform, thin; mesoster-
nal lobes in basal area moderately wide, about between basal half
and basal two thirds compressed, afterwards tubular with obtuse

S. INGRISCH

or subtruncate tip; metasternal lobes compressed triangular with
faintly concave internal and strongly convex external margins, to-
wards tip swollen conical with obtuse tip; without narrow cylin-
drical apical area (Fig. 2N).

Wings distinctly surpassing hind knees (Fig. 1J). Fore wings
2.0-2.23 x longer than wide. Venation: radius with radius sec-
tor arising behind mid-length of tegmen; media two-branched,
branching behind basal third; cubitus anterior three-branched,
branching in basal third and behind mid-length; cubitus poste-
rior undivided, at base running very close to first analis; with 5-6
anal veins, the last one incomplete; the first and second anal veins
with a short common base; the second vein branching again into
2 veins in subbasal area (thus 6-7 anal veins). Hind wings nearly
semicircular, only slightly wider than long (about 1.3 x).

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior sur-
face; mid coxa with a smaller spine at anterior margin. Fore
femur with 5-6 small spines and mid femur with 3-5 spines
at anterior-ventral margins, mid femur also with 3-6 posterior-
ventral spines. Hind femur with 4-7 external and 2-3 internal
small spines on ventral margins; hind tibia with dorsal spines on
inner margin slightly larger than on outer margin, ventral mar-
gins with few minute spinules; on both sides with 4 apical spurs,
the dorsal two pairs very large, the following pair medium, the
ventral-most pair small; internal spurs larger than correspond-
ing external counterparts; ventral margin with 3 external and 1
internal spinules.

Male. Paraproctal outgrowths elongate, in subapical area
slightly but distinctly widening, somewhat curved dorsad and
with converging margins towards subacute tip; at tip provided
with a tiny, compressed, obtuse pad (Fig. 4E-G). Subgenital plate
in about basal half slightly swollen with convex and approaching
lateral margins [in Fig. 2E, barely expressed from freshly molted
specimen with still soft cuticula when captured]; in apical half
with subparallel or faintly diverging lateral margins which towards
tip form rounded lateral carinae, at tip with insertion of stylus;
otherwise apical area compressed with apical margin subtruncate,
interrupted by a deep incision with rounded bottom. Phallus
membranous (Fig. 7O0-P).

Female. Subgenital plate wide at base, triangularly narrowing
posteriorly and terminating into a short spiniform apical area;
basal area nearly twice as long as apical area, faintly sloping in
transition zone between both areas (Fig. 5J). In a female from BaVi
the baso-lateral areas are curved dorsad, giving the impression of
a narrower plate, and the transition zone more strongly expressed
(Fig. 5K).

Coloration.—General color light brown, mixed with dark pattern;
pronotum light brown to ochre, with or without some darker ele-
ments; legs spotted with light and darker flecks. Head: face yellow-
ish-brown with dark spots; clypeus and labrum brown, mouth-
parts of same color; below median ocellus and at clypeo-frontal
suture with black spots, in some individuals also clypeus dark-
ened; antennae in basal area black with white annulation, behind
about basal quarter gradually getting lighter towards tip. Tegmen
light, semi-transparent with dark brown or nearly black spots;
hind wings bright medium to dark brown, along margin transpar-
ent, in anterior area semi-transparent with some dark spots along
margin; in anterior area of the dark field with few scattered whit-
ish, transparent spots.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH 121

Fig. 7. Male phallic complex of A-F. P. carli (Griffini, 1911) from Tam Dao (A-B), Cuc Phuong (C-D) and Ngo Luong (E-F); G-H. P.
copia sp. nov.; I-J. P. cuspis sp. nov.; K-N. P. angusta sp. nov.; O-P. P. carnarius from Tam Tao; Q-R. P. pusilla sp. nov.; S-T. P. guadun
sp. nov. in dorsal (A, C, F, G, I, L, M, O, Q, S) and in ventral (D, E, H, J, K, N, O, R, T) view, or in dorsal view with only dorsal lobes
flipped proximad, ventral lobe distad (B). Scales 1 mm (all images).

Measurements.—(2 males, 3 females). In mm. Body w/wings: male 45-46, female 44-49; tegmen width: male 21-23, female 20-22;
60-63, female 58-62; body w/o wings: male 36-37, female 38— hind femur: male 27-30, female 29-32; antenna: male 90, female
40; pronotum: male 9.5-10.3, female 10.0-10.5; tegmen: male 100; ovipositor: female 29-31.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

122

Pteranabropsis pusilla sp. nov.
Figs 11], 2E 20, 4H-I, 5H, 6N-O, 7Q-R
http://zoobank.org/5C6B62DA-413C-49EB-B19C-95190CED3C38
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:505866

Holotype (male).—Vietnam: Hoang Lien NP, 22°2I'N,
103°46'20"E, 1-5.vii.2013, leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel (I.G.
32.454) — (Brussels, ISNB).

Other specimens examined.—Same data as holotype, 1 female (para-
type) (Brussels, ISNB).

Diagnosis.—In contrast to the other brachypterous species de-
scribed in this paper, P. pusilla sp. nov. is related to P. carnarius
Gorochov, 1998 with regard to the male paraproctal outgrowths,
the shape of the phallus, and the shape of the female subgenital
plate. It differs by smaller size, the grey semitransparent instead of
dark brown hind wings, the tibial spines that are less curved and
distinctly shorter, the longest tibial spines is only more than twice
as long as the width of the diameter of the fore tibia instead of
more than three times that width, and the metasternal lobes being
narrower at tip. The paraproctal outgrowths of P. pusilla are much
less widened in subapical area than in P. carnarius, have the tip
obtuse instead of subacute, and carry only a minute stiffened pad
at tip. The female subgenital plate of the new species is similar to
that of P. carnarius but the narrow apical area is even shorter than
in the latter species: less than half the length of the anterior area
instead of about half or slightly more than half of that length.

Description.—Medium to large sized species; habitus as genus.
Prosternal lobes near base compressed, afterwards long spiniform,
thin; mesosternal lobes in basal area wide, afterwards thin tubular
with obtuse tip; metasternal lobes rather short, compressed trian-
gular with faintly concave internal and moderately convex exter-
nal margin, towards tip short-conical with obtuse tip (Fig. 20).

Wings in male distinct, in female slightly surpassing hind
knees. Fore wings 2.4-2.6 x longer than wide (Fig. 11). Venation:
radius with radius sector arising at beginning of apical third of
tegmen; media free, two-branched, branching before mid-length;
cubitus anterior three-branched, branching before mid-length and
before apical third; cubitus posterior undivided; with 5 anal veins,
the last one incomplete. Hind wings nearly semicircular, only
slightly wider than long (about 1.35 x).

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface
and a blunt tooth at ventro-posterior margin; mid coxa with a
smaller spine at anterior margin. Fore femur with 1-4 and mid
femur with 2-3 spines at anterior-ventral margins; in one female
also with 1-2 spinules on posterior-ventral margin. Hind femur
with 5-6 external and 3 internal small spines on ventral margins;
hind tibia with dorsal spines on inner margin larger than on outer
margin, ventral margins with few minute spinules; on both sides
with 4 apical spurs, the dorsal two pairs very large, the follow-
ing pair medium, the ventral-most pair small; internal spurs larger
than corresponding external counterparts; ventral margin with 1
external and 3 internal spinules.

Male. Paraproctal outgrowths long, roughly cylindrical with
setose and warty internal surface, in about mid-length faintly
constricted, in subapical area only faintly widening and slightly
curved dorsad, apex obtuse but with a tiny compressed pad at
tip (Fig. 4H-I). Subgenital plate in basal two thirds with convex
surface and approaching lateral margins; disc in apical half with

S. INGRISCH

rounded lateral carinae, first approaching, afterwards diverging, at
tip with insertion of stylus; apical margin transverse substraight,
interrupted by a deep incision with rounded bottom (Fig. 2F).
Phallus membranous (Fig. 7Q-R).

Female. Subgenital plate wide at base, triangularly narrowing
posteriorly and terminating into a short spiniform apical area;
basal area nearly twice as long as apical area, slightly sloping in
transition zone between both areas (Fig. 5H).

Coloration.—General color light yellowish-brown with dark mot-
tling. Head: face yellowish-brown to light ochre, with or without
black flecks; along clypeo-frontal suture with 4 black spots; clypeus
brown; below antennal scrobae and on genae with dark spots; ver-
tex mostly black; ocelli white; antennal flagellum in more basal
area black with white annulation, farther behind paler. Pronotum
brown; anterior margin black, toward sides with white annulation
(male) or with alternating black and yellow spots (female). Teg-
men light semi-transparent with dark brown spots; hind wings
semi-transparent grey, in anterior area light with brown spots.

Measurements.—(1 male, 1 female). In mm. Body w/wings: male
47, female 43; body w/o wings: male 25, female 27; pronotum:
male 8.1, female 7.8; tegmen: male 40, female 34; tegmen width:
male 16.5, female 13; hind femur: male 24.5, female 25.0; ovi-
positor: female 23.5.

Etymology.—The name of the new species refers to its smaller size
compared to the related species P. carnarius; from Latin pusillus,
pusilla of small size.

Pteranabropsis guadun sp. nov.
Figs 1H, 2G, 2P, 4J-K, 40, 51, 6P-R, 7S-T
http://zoobank.org/CA794A7E-4AC5-4746-93E0-0E4383 BEF373
urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:505867

Holotype (male).—China: Fujian, Wuyishan, Kuatun [Guadun],
elev. 2300 m, 27°40'N, 117°40'E, 4.ix.1938, leg. J. Klapperich -
(Bonn, ZFMK).

Other specimens examined.—Same locality as holotype, 31.vii.1938,
leg. J. Klapperich, 1 female (paratype) (Bonn, ZFMK).

Diagnosis.—The male subgenital plate and paraproctal outgrowths
of the new species are similar to those of Pteranabropsis infuscatus
Wang et al., 2015; it differs by larger size, longer wings and longer
ovipositor, by the metasternal plates that are roughly triangular with-
out short conical tip instead of with conical tip in P. infuscatus. The
female subgenital plate is similar in both species but in P. guadun
sp. nov. has the narrow apical area for the greatest basal part rather
wide and stout with parallel lateral margins and suddenly distinctly
narrowed before tip instead of apical area regularly narrowed to tip.

Description.—Medium to large sized species; habitus as genus.
Prosternal lobes near base compressed, afterwards long spiniform,
thin; mesosternal lobes in basal area wide, afterwards thin tubu-
lar with obtuse tip; metasternal lobes compressed triangular with
faintly concave internal and convex external margins, towards tip
swollen conical with obtuse tip; without narrow, roughly cylindri-
cal area (Fig. 2P).

Wings distinctly surpassing hind knees (Fig. 1H). Fore wings
2.21-2.23 x longer than wide. Venation: radius with radius sector

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

S. INGRISCH

123

100

110°E

Fig. 8. Distribution of the genus Pteranabropsis in Vietnam (blue points 1-7) and some localities in southern China (red points 8-10,
after Song et al. 2016): 1. Hoang Lien N.P. (P. carli (Grif.), P. copia sp. nov., P. pusilla sp. nov.); 2. Tam Dao N.P. (P. carli, P. carnarius
Gor.); 3. BaVi N.P. (P. bavi sp. nov., P. carnarius); 4. Cuc Phuong N.P. (P. carli, P. angusta sp. nov.); 5. Ngo Luong Nat. Res. (P. carli, P.
cuspis sp. nov.); 6. Copia Nat. Res. (P. copia); 7. Phia Den (P. carli); 8. Localities of P. carli; 9. Locality of P. crenatis Song et al.; 10. Local-

ity of P. karnyi Wang et al. Scale 100 km.

arising between middle and apical third of tegmen; media two-
branched, branching between basal third and mid-length; cubitus
anterior three-branched, branching before end of basal third and
just before (male) or behind (female) mid-length; cubitus poste-
rior free and undivided; with 5(-6) anal veins, the last one or two
incomplete. Hind wings nearly semicircular, only slightly wider
than long (about 1.3 x).

Legs. Fore coxa with a strong spine at swollen anterior surface;
mid coxa with a smaller spine at external margin. Fore femur with
4 (female) or 1 (male) small spines and mid femur with 3-4 (fe-
male) or 1 (male) spines at anterior-ventral margins, in the fe-
male only also with 0-1 spinules at posterior-ventral margin of
mid femur. Hind femur with 2—5 external and 2-3 internal small
spines on ventral margins; hind tibia with dorsal spines on inner
margin slightly larger than on outer margin, ventral margins with
few minute spinules; on both sides with 4 apical spurs, the dorsal
two pairs very large, the following pair medium, the ventral-most
pair small; internal spurs larger than corresponding external coun-
terparts; ventral margin with 3 external and 1 internal spinules.

Male. Paraproctal outgrowths forming a long roughly cylindri-
cal process with setose surface, slightly curved dorsad in subapical
area, apex obtuse but with a small compressed pad at tip (Fig. 4J-
K). Subgenital plate in about little more than basal half with

convex surface and approaching lateral margins; in somewhat
less than apical half with faintly diverging lateral margins that,
towards tip, form rounded lateral carinae that are slightly diverg-
ing posteriorly, at tip with insertion of stylus; otherwise apical area
compressed with apical margin subtruncate and slightly oblique
on both sides, interrupted by a V-shaped incision (Fig. 2G). Phal-
lus membranous, not well preserved in holotype (Fig. 7S-T).

Female. Subgenital plate wide at base, triangularly narrowing
posteriorly and terminating into a spiniform apical area that is
distinctly longer than in P. carnarius, almost as long as the wide
basal area and with sub-parallel lateral margins except for apical
third with converging margins to acute tip (Fig. 51).

Coloration.—General color medium brown, mixed with dark pat-
tern; pronotum dark brown; legs marbled with light and darker
flecks. Head: face light yellowish-brown with larger, indistinctly
darker flecks and with smaller dark spots. Pronotum uniformly
medium brown with light yellowish-brown rim. Tegmen light
semi-transparent with dark brown spots; hind wings light semi-
transparent with dark brown spots.

Measurements.—(1 male, 1 female). In mm. Body w/wings: male
53, female 55; body w/o wings: male 29, female 30; pronotum:

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPTERA RESEARCH 2019, 28(2)

124

male 8.3, female 8.3; tegmen: male 41, female 42.5; hind femur:
male 26, female 27; tegmen width: male 18.5, female 19; antenna:
male 85, female 65; ovipositor: female 23.

Etymology.—The name of the new species refers to the type locality;
noun in apposition.

Acknowledgements

This paper is a result of the project “A step further in the Ento-
modiversity of Vietnam” managed by J. Constant (ISNB) and sup-
ported through a grant issued by the capacity building Programme
of the Belgian Global Taxonomic Initiative National Focal Point
that runs under the CEBioS programme with financial support
from the Belgian Directorate-General for Development Coopera-
tion (DGD). I am thankful to Jérome Constant for providing a
rich collection from that project for examination and for repeated
invitations to ISNB. One visit was supported by SYNTHESYS (BE-
TAF-2608 in 2013).

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