Zoosyst. Evol. 96 (2) 2020, 571-576 | DOI 10.3897/zse.96.54707 yee BERLIN An illustrated catalogue of Rudolf Sturany’s type specimens in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria (NHMW): more Red Sea species Paolo G. Albano!, Sara-Maria Schnedl*, Anita Eschner@ 1 Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria 2 Natural History Museum, Third Zoological Department, Burgring 7, 1010, Vienna, Austria http://zoobank.org/7AC028CA-6BEB-4959-A BFE-FAA693B292E5 Corresponding author: Paolo G. Albano (pgalbano@gmail.com) Academic editor: Matthias Glaubrecht # Received 26 May 2020 # Accepted 13 July 2020 Published 1 September 2020 Abstract Rudolf Sturany published a series of papers describing multiple gastropods and bivalves from the Red Sea collected during the ex- peditions of the vessel “Pola” between 1895 and 1898. In a less known paper, he introduced the genus Levanderia (Galeommatidae) and described three more species from the Red Sea: Drillia levanderi, Levanderia erythraeensis and Raeta Jickelii. We here list and illustrate their type material, provide the original description, a translation into English and curatorial and taxonomic comments. Key Words Anatinellidae, Bivalvia, Drilliidae, Galeommatidae, Gastropoda, Indo-Pacific province, Turridae s.1., Type specimens Introduction In a series of illustrated catalogues, we revised the type material of the marine species described by Rudolf Stura- ny, curator of the molluscan collection at the Natural His- tory Museum in Vienna between 1889 and 1922 (Albano et al. 2017, 2018, 2019). Sturany worked on samples col- lected during the “Pola” expeditions to the Mediterranean and Red Sea (Schefbeck 1996; Stag] 2012) introducing 15 names for the eastern Mediterranean Sea and 56 from the Red Sea. In a short paper published in 1905, he de- scribed three additional species and introduced the genus Levanderia. These samples were sent to him by K.M. Le- vander and C.F. Jickeli. Kaarlo Mainio Levander (1867-1943) was a Finn- ish zoologist, working at the Zoological Museum of the University of Helsinki. He travelled to the Red Sea in the 1890s. Carl Friedrich Jickeli (1850-1925) was a Roma- nian (Transylvanian) zoologist and malacologist born in today’s Sibiu (Romania), a city named Hermannstadt at the time of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He spent sever- al months between 1870 and 1871 collecting continental and marine molluscs along the Red Sea. His field trip notes (Jickeli 1873a, b, c) are allegedly the first written report of a collecting trip focused exclusively on molluscs and were translated into English (Jacobson 1974, 1975a, b, c). Inspired by recommendation 72F.4 of the Internation- al Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999) that invites institutions to publish lists of name-bearing types in their possession, we complete the revision of the type specimens of Sturany’s marine taxa by treating here these last three species. Materials and methods Type series of Sturany’s species were segregated from the general collection. For each species, we here provide references to the original description and figure, indicate the original localities, list the type material, reproduce the original description and translate it into English. All the mentioned inventory numbers refer to the Mollusca Copyright Paolo G. Albano et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 5A2 collection of NHMW. The systematic arrangement fol- lows Bouchet et al. (2010, 2017). The re-assessment of the current taxonomic status of Sturany’s names is be- yond the scope of this paper, but we added notes on their validity according to MolluscaBase. Any citation to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999) should be considered to its online version, which includes all recent amendments. We follow the guidelines for the citation of specimen data by Chester et al. (2019). Photos were shot with a Nikon SMZ25 microscope; larg- er shells were photographed with a Nikon D7200 camera and a Nikon Micro-Nikkor 60 mm lens. Specimens were measured with a calliper. Abbreviations H height (gastropods), umbo-ventral dimension (bivalves) L antero-posterior dimension (bivalves) NHMW _ Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria Dnbliw ik Aevandert Shee Paolo G. Albano et al.: Types of Sturany’s Red Sea species Systematic list of taxa Family Drilliidae Olsson, 1964 Drillia levanderi Sturany, 1905 Figure | Drillia levanderi Sturany, 1905: 135—146, with two figures. Type material. ERITREA « 1 shell; Massaua; 8 Mar 1895; K.M. Levander coll.; holotype fixed by monotypy; NHMW-Mollusca 39903; size H = 19.7 mm. Original description. Das 19,5 mm hohe, 7,2 mm breite und durch eine 8 mm hohe Miindung ausgezeichnete Gehduse besteht aus 11 Umgdngen. Die ersten 2 '/,— 3 Windungen sind glatt, dann setzen starke Querwiilste ein, zu denen die allmahlich stdrker werdenden Spiralreifen kommen. Der letzte und vorletzte Umgang trdgt 8, die oberen besitzen 7 Querwiilste. Auf der Schlusswindung reichen sie kaum bis zur Halfte, so dass die dunkelviolett gefarbte Basis i> . t sad f C4 2G, LH. - ff ie 9963 Rotes Meer: Manrsacca ‘ ex Co. Levander. (8-95) Figure 1. Drillia levanderi Sturany, 1905, Massaua, Eritrea. A, C. Original figures in Sturany, 1905; B, D, E. Holotype NHMW-Mol- lusca 39903: front (B), side (D), apex detail (E); F. Original label. Scale bars: B, D: 3 mm, E: 0.5 mm. zse.pensoft.net Zoosyst. Evol. 96 (2) 2020, 571-576 des Gehduses davon frei bleibt, hingegen steht knapp vor der Miindung ein mdchtiger Wulst, der vom oberen Ausschnitt bis zum Basalteile reicht. Die dunkle Farbe der Schalenbasis wird durch eine breite Binde bedingt, welche sich bis in die oberen Umgdnge verfolgen ldsst, indem sie hier zwar in die Naht einbezogen ist, aber noch in Form von miteinander verbundenen Flecken hervortritt. Von den Spiralreifen ist zwar der oberste, in dem etwas tiefer gelegenen Windungsteil verlaufende durch gelbe Flecken besonders markiert, aber auch die darunterliegenden lassen solche Flecken da und dort erkennen, insbesondere auf dem letzten Umgange. Hier prdsentieren sich die ndchst dem Gehduseende verlaufenden perlschnurartig gezierten Reifen auf dem dunklem Grunde auffallend schon. Der Miindungsrand ist gezackt, oben stark ausgeschnitten, unten ausgussartig zurtickgebogen; die Miindungswand trdgt oben gegeniiber dem Ausschnitte eine starke Verdickung, das Innere der Miindung ist rosafarbig. Fundort: Massaua (Dr. Levander leg. 8. III. 1895). Verwandte Formen diirften Pleurotoma alabaster Rve. und Drillia japonica Lischke sein. Translation. The 19.5 mm high, 7.2 mm wide shell, which is distinguished by an 8 mm high aperture, con- sists of 11 whorls. The first 2’/, - 3 whorls are smooth and followed by strong axial ribs, which are joined by gradually growing spiral cords. The last and penultimate whorl carry eight axial ribs, the upper ones have seven. They hardly reach half of the last whorl, so that the dark violet-coloured base of the shell remains free; on the oth- er hand, just before the aperture, there is a strong varix that extends from the anal sinus to the basal part. The dark colour of the shell base is caused by a wide band, which can be traced right up to the upper whorls where it is covered by the following whorl, but still emerging in the form of interconnected spots. The top spiral cord is in the lower part of the whorl and is particularly marked by yellow spots, but the ones lying underneath also show such spots here and there, especial- ly on the last whorl. The pearl cord-like bands are strik- ingly beautiful on the dark background. The outer lip is jagged, with a marked anal sinus, bent back like a spout; the inner lip has a strong varix on top, the inside of the inner lip is pink. Location. Massaua (Dr. Levander leg. 8. III. 1895). Related species include Pleurotoma alabaster Rve. and Drillia japonica Lischke. Comments. This species is not present in Mollus- caBase (2020). Family Galeommatidae Gray, 1840 Levanderia erythraeensis Sturany, 1905 Figure 2 Levanderia erythraeensis Sturany, 1905: 134-135, with two figures. 573 Type material. ERITREA « 1 specimen (shell and soft parts originally preserved in ethanol and then dried); Massaua; 8 Mar 1895; in coral block; K.M. Levander coll.; holotype fixed by monotypy; NHMW-Mollusca 39894; sizes: H= 2.5 mm, L = 8.1 mm. Original description. Die nahezu flach ausgebreiteten, in einer Ebene liegenden, mithin im héchsten Masse klaf- fenden Schalenhdlften sind von vorne nach riickwarts leicht gewolbt, was durch eine quer tiber die Wirbelge- gend laufende Knickung verursacht wird, und liegen ei- nem oben abgeplatteten Weichkorper auf, der auf ihren Innenseiten die zarten Spuren des Mantelrandes und der Muskelumrisse hinterlassen hat. Die Breite der zusam- menhdngenden Schalen betrdgt 5 (mithin die Hohe jeder Valve 2'/, mm), ihre Lange 8,1 mm. Der Oberrand jeder Schale verlduft gerade und ist zur Halfte mit seinem Gegeniiber durch ein zartes Hdutchen verbunden, bloss ungefahr 2mm tiefreichtvom abgerunde- ten Vorder- und Hinterrand herein ein schmaler Spalt. Der Unterrand Iduft nahezu parallel zum Oberrand und weist bloss eine zarte Einbuchtung in der Mitte auf: Die winzigen, etwas aus der Mitte geriickten Wirbel liegen zitzenformig in einem weissen Felde, wahrend der tibrige Teil der Schalen mit einer hellgelben und zarten Epidermis tiberzogen ist, welche die héchst eigentiimli- che Skulptur (vielfach geknickte und gewellte aber streng genommen konzentrische Linien) angenommen hat. Die Innenseite der Schalen prdsentiert sich kreideweiss. Von einem Schlosse kann kaum die Rede sein; es ist bloss eine sehr kleine, zapfenformige, beiden Schalen ge- meinsam entspringende Bildung zu sehen. Diese interessante Muschel wurde von Dr. Levander in Massaua am 13. III. 1895 in einer Korallenbank gefun- den. Sie erinnert im Schlosse an die Gattung Galeomma (beispielsweise an G. denticulata Desh. von der Insel Re- union) und in der Lage der Schalen an die australische Gattung Ephippodonta Tate, weicht aber von beiden durch ihre Skulptur ab. Translation. The valves, which are almost flat on one lev- el and therefore opened to the greatest extent, are slightly arched from anterior to posterior, due to a ridge running across the beak, and lie on top of a flattened soft body that leaves inside delicate traces of the pallial sinus and the muscle scars. The width of the open valves is 5 mm (thus the height of each valve is 2'/, mm), their length 8.1 mm. The upper margin of each valve runs straight and is half connected to its counterpart by a delicate membrane; a narrow gap of about 2 mm extends from the rounded an- terior and posterior margin. The lower and upper margins run almost parallel and show just a delicate indentation in the centre. The tiny beaks, somewhat eccentric, lie teat-like in a white area, while the remaining part of the shells is cov- ered by a light yellow and delicate epidermis, which has taken on the highly peculiar sculpture (often bent and wavy, but strictly speaking concentric lines) . The inside of the valves is chalky white. zse.pensoft.net 574 ee, Pia reas oe Nae y yyy siscck eRe Wy Vi (Bn if ws Y SU 4 Paolo G. Albano et al.: Types of Sturany’s Red Sea species ania : Vig &e ! 7 Severederce (9) marae, Kara VE Lp tk. AMROAALDL, I Mh LS 7, ( Glock Jer in / Mikobet ! Figure 2. Levanderia erythraeensis Sturany, 1905, Massaua, Eritrea. A, B. Original figures in Sturany, 1905; C, D. Holotype NHMW-Mollusca 39894: outside view (C), inside view (D); E. Original label. Scale bar: 1 mm. There is hardly any hinge, only a very small, cone- shaped formation originating from both valves. This interesting clam was discovered in a coral bank by Dr. Levander in Massaua on 13 March 1895. The hinge is reminiscent of the genus Galeomma (for exam- ple, G. denticulata Desh. from the island of Reunion) and the position of the valves of the Australian genus Ephip- podonta Tate, but it differs from both due to its sculpture. Comments. This is the type species of genus Levanderia Sturany, 1905. The species and the genus are currently considered valid taxa (MolluscaBase 2020). Family Anatinellidae Deshayes, 1853 Raeta jickelii Sturany, 1905 Figure 3 Raeta jickelii Sturany, 1905: 133-1134, with three figures. zse.pensoft.net Type material. ERITREA * | complete left valve (of the original illustration), 2 fragmented left valves; Massaua; 8 Mar 1895; C.F. Jickeli coll.; syntypes; NHMW-Mollus- ca 39925; sizes: H = 31.7, L= 42.8 mm. Original description. Diese Art wurde seinerzeit von Dr. Jickeli in Massaua in unvollstdndigen Exemplaren gefunden. Es ist ndmlich bloss die abgebildete linke Schale (43 mm lang, 31,5 mm hoch, 11,5 mm tief) gut erhalten und liegen tiberhaupt nur noch die Fragmente von weiteren 2 linken Schalen (die bis 51 mm lang und 42 mm hoch gewesen sein diirften) vor, wdhrend eine rechte Valve gar nicht vertreten ist. Die ditinnschalige Muschel hat vorne eine ziemlich Starke Wolbung und endigt riickwdrts in einen etwas nach aussen gekehrten Schnabel. Sie ist konzentrisch gefaltet, milchweiss gefarbt und mit mattem Gldnze aus- gestattet. Der Wirbel liegt vor der Mitte und tiberragt das Schloss, welches eine Ligamentgrube (unter dem Wirbel), 2 davorstehende vertikale Zdhne und einen vor- Zoosyst. Evol. 96 (2) 2020, 571-576 575 Figure 3. Raeta jickelii Sturany, 1905, Massaua, Eritrea. A, D. Original figures in Sturany, 1905; B, C, E. Illustrated syntype NHMW-Mollusca 39925: left valve outside view (B), left valve inside view (C), hinge detail (E). Scale bars: B, C: 10 mm, E: 2 mm. deren und hinteren, dem Oberrande parallel laufenden Leistenzahn erkennen ldsst. Von den Hauptzdhnen ist der vordere schwache einfach, der hintere bedeutend stdrk- ere aber von zwei Seiten eingeschniirt, so dass er einen sternformigen, drei-spitzigen Querschnitt haben mag. Die Muskeleindrticke sind undeutlich, die Mantelbucht reicht bis zur Mitte. Die ndchstverwandten Arten sind R. canaliculata Say und B. abercrombiei Mel/v. Translation. This species was discovered with incom- plete specimens by Dr. Jickeli in Massaua. Only the fig- ured left valve (43 mm long, 31.5 mm high, 11.5 mm deep) is in good condition and there are merely fragments of another two left valves (which were up to 51 mm long and 42 mm high), while a right valve is not present at all. The thin-shelled clam is rounded at the anterior end and has a slightly outwards turned posterior end. It 1s concentrically plicated, milky white and glossy. The beak lies centrally and dominates the hinge, which re- veals a ligament pit (below the beak), two vertical teeth at the front and elongated front and back teeth running parallel to the upper margin. The anterior of the cardi- nal teeth is weak and simple, the posterior significantly stronger, but constricted from two sides, so that it has a star-shaped, three-pointed cross section. The muscle scars are indistinct, the pallial sinus extends to the centre. The closest related species are R. canaliculata Say and B. abercrombiei Melv. Comments. Currently considered a junior synonym of Raeta pellicula (Reeve, 1854) (MolluscaBase 2020). Acknowledgements We thank Jan Steger, who brought to our attention the 1905 paper by Sturany, Leo van Gemert, who kindly sent us biographic literature on Jickeli and Graham Oliver and Alexander Fedosov for their insightful reviews. The Mu- seum fiir Naturkunde in Berlin supported the open access publication of this paper. References Albano PG, Schnedl S-M, Eschner A (2018) An illustrated catalogue of Ru- dolf Sturany’s type specimens in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria (NHMW): deep-sea Eastern Mediterranean molluscs. 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