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JHR 46: 107-1 14 (201 5) JOURNAL OF A peer-reviewed open-access journal
ise ees (f-) Hymenoptera

http://jhr.pensoft.net The insertional Society of ymenopterists. RESEARCH

A new species of subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti
(Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from China, with a
key to Oriental and Palaearctic species

Tao Li', Ying Zhang', Cornelis van Achterberg”?

| General Station of Forest Pest Management, State Forestry Administration, Shenyang 110034, P R. China
2 Department of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, P. R.
China 3 Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden,
The Netherlands

Corresponding author: Zao Li (litao200105@163.com)

Academic editor: G. Broad| Received 30 July 2015 | Accepted 26 October 2015 | Published 30 November 2015
http:/zoobank. org/2964320C-F78 9-4C04-900A-DD68 9D 1 932FF

Citation: Li TI, Zhang Y, van Achterberg C (2015) A new species of subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti (Hymenoptera,
Braconidae) from China, with a key to Oriental and Palaearctic species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 46: 107-114.
doi: 10.3897/JHR.46.5763

Abstract

A new species of subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Doryctes (Neodoryctes) henanensis
Li & van Achterberg, sp. n., is described and illustrated. This species is associated with Pterolophia sp. (Coleop-
tera: Cerambycidae), a twig-boring pest of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) LHert. et Vent. (Moraceae), in Henan
(Central China). A key to the Palaearctic species of the subgenus Neodoryctes is provided.

Keywords

Doryctinae, Doryctini, Doryctes, Neodoryctes, new species, parasitoid

Introduction

The subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti, 1914 of the genus Doryctes Haliday, 1836 (Hyme-
noptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae: Doryctini) includes eight described species, of which
six species are known from the Afrotropical Region (Yu et al. 2012). The other two
species are known from China (Taiwan) and Japan (Belokobylskij 1996, Belokobylskij

Copyright Tao Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

108 Tao Li et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 46: 107-114 (2015)

and Maeté 2008). The subgenus Neodoryctes can be separated from the nominate sub-
genus by the relative length of vein 1-M of the hind wing (1.3—1.8 times as long as vein
M+CU in Neodoryctes; 0.7—1.0, rarely up to 1.1, times in Doryctes). In addition, the
hind tibia has long erect setae and tergites II1+IIH have sublateral longitudinal grooves.
The biology of the species of this subgenus is unknown but members of the subgenus
Doryctes Haliday are ectoparasitoids of mainly Cerambycidae and Buprestidae (Yu et
al. 2012). The subgeneric status of Neodoryctes is doubtful according to the study of
Zaldivar-Riveron et al. (2008); Doryctes and Neodoryctes appeared distantly related ac-
cording to the molecular analysis thus supporting a generic status for Neodoryctes.

Here we describe the third non-Afrotropical species of Neodoryctes, D. (Neodor-
yctes) henanensis Li & van Achterberg, sp. n., from Henan (Central China).

Materials and methods

Twigs of heavily infested Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) LHert. et Vent. trees were col-
lected, brought to the laboratory and maintained in a large nylon cage at room tem-
perature. Distilled water was sprayed over the trunks and twigs twice a week in order to
prevent desiccation and the emerged insects were collected daily. After the emergence
of hosts and parasitoids was complete, all remaining twigs were dissected to record
their condition (i.e. status of hosts, and parasitism). The associated host was identified
by Dr. Guang-Lin Xie (Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China).

For the morphological terminology used in this paper see van Achterberg (1993)
and Harris (1979). The descriptions, measurements and figures were made with a
Leica M205A microscope. Focused photographs were combined using Leica DFC550
with Leica Application Suite (Version 4.5.0).

The type specimens and hosts are deposited in the Insect Museum, General Sta-
tion of Forest Pest Management (GSFPM), State Forestry Administration, Shenyang,
China. One paratype is deposited at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (RMNH), Lei-
den, The Netherlands.

Key to Palaearctic and Oriental species of the subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti

1 Mesoscutum mainly striate or rugose (Fig. 5) and dorsal face of propodeum
reticulate-rugose (Fig. 7); dorsal tooth on hind coxa absent (Fig. 8); vein
m-cu of hind wing straight posteriorly (Fig. 12); second metasomal suture
hardhysinapressed Bigs Wl SCSI .2tceaurccengesnsiou dew sipbea buna shepheaninnnth aie hebceaeice! 2

ae Mesoscutum and dorsal face of propodeum smooth or granulate; small dorsal
tooth on hind coxa present; posteriorly vein m-cu of hind wing curved dis-
tally; second metasomal suture distinctly impressed ..........eceeseeseeeeeeseeeeeees 3

2 Apical half of vein M+CU1 of fore wing strongly curved (Fig. 12); vein 1-M
of hind wing 1.5-1.6 x as long as vein M+CU (Fig. 12); vein 3-SR of fore

A new species of subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)... 109

wing about 1.6 x as long as vein m-cu; medial part of tergite II (between sub-
lateral grooves) distinctly transverse (about twice wider than long medially);
ovipositor sheath about as long as fore wing; propodeum weakly areolate.....
A ND 3 OU ey a: Sr D. henanensis Li & van Achterberg, sp. n.
-- Apical half of vein M+CU1 of fore wing slightly curved; vein 1-M of hind
wing about 1.3 x as long as vein M+CU; vein 3-SR of fore wing about 1.2
x as long as vein m-cu; medial part of tergite I] about 1.2 x wider than long
medially; ovipositor sheath 0.60-0.75 x as long as fore wing; propodeum
distinctly Sreol ates svt renctovessrancencorer oes D. slavianka Belokobylskij, 1996
3 Mesoscutum and dorsal face of propodeum smooth; setae on dorsal surface
of hind tibia long and erect; hind coxa with distinct submedian dorsal tooth;
vein SR of hind wing largely absent; apical width of tergite I 1.2-1.4 x its
basaliwadth session, ee eee D. denticoxa Belokobylskij, 1996
= Mesoscutum and dorsal face of propodeum granulate; setae on dorsal surface of
hind tibia short and semi-erect; hind coxa with minute and hardly protruding
dorsal tooth; basal half of vein SR of hind wing present; apical width of tergite
I 1.5-1.8 x its basal width ....... D. makiharai Belokobyl|skij & Maeté, 2008

Description

Doryctes (Neodoryctes) henanensis Li & van Achterberg, sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/726282A2-3F85-42B8-A264-2E130E8C8EBB
Figs 1-13

Type material. Holotype, 2 (GSFPM), China: Henan, Xinxiang, 3.vi.2013, Mao-
Ling Sheng. Paratypes (RMNH, GSFPM): 1 2 +1 cS, same data as holotype.
Diagnosis. Frons weakly concave behind antennal sockets, with 3—4 furrows.
POL 1.2 x Od, 0.5 x OOL. Width of face 0.8 x height of eye, 1.2 x height of face and
clypeus combined. Apical half of vein M+CU1 of fore wing strongly curved, vein 3-SR
of fore wing about 1.6 x as long as vein m-cu and vein 1-M of hind wing 1.5—1.6 x as
long as vein M+CU. Tergite II with oblique lateral depressions, medial part of tergite
II (between sublateral grooves) distinctly transverse (about twice wider than long me-
dially). Ovipositor sheath 1.3 x as long as metasoma and as long as fore wing.
Holotype. Female, length of body 5.8 mm, and of fore wing 4.8 mm (Fig. 1).
Head (Figs 2-3). Head width 1.3 x its median length in dorsal view, 1.1 x width
of mesoscutum. Temple behind eye (dorsal view) roundly narrowed. Frons (Fig. 3)
weakly concave behind antennal sockets, with 3-4 furrows. Stemmaticum (ocellar tri-
angle) situated before middle of head. Ocelli medium-sized, and lateral areas weakly
concave. POL 1.2 x Od, 0.5 x OOL. Eyes glabrous, slightly concave near antennal
sockets, 1.2 x higher than wide. Diameter of antennal sockets 0.8 x distance between
antennal sockets, 2.3 x distance between socket and eye. Face (Fig. 2) uniformly con-
vex, with fine rugae and long setae, medially glabrous under sockets, rugae weaker

110 Tao Li et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 46: 107-114 (2015)

Figure |. Neodoryctes henanensis Li & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype. Habitus, lateral aspect.

laterally; width of face 0.8 x height of eye, 1.2 x height of face and clypeus combined.
Length of malar space 0.4 x height of eye and 1.1 x basal width of mandible. Ma-
lar suture absent. Clypeus suture complete. Hypoclypeal depression round, equal to
distance from depression to eye and 0.4 x as wide as face. Occipital carina complete
dorsally, ventrally remaining separated from hypostomal carina. Length of maxillary
palp 1.3 x height of head. Antenna (Figs 1, 4) broken (holotype), remaining antennal
articles 34, setiform and slender. Scape 1.6 x longer than its maximum width (Fig. 4).
Third article 5.5 x longer than its apical width (4.8 x in paratype) and 1.2 x as long
as fourth article (as in paratype). Paratype with 39 antennal articles and antenna 1.3 x
longer than body. Penultimate antennal article of paratype 3.1 x longer than its maxi-
mum width and about as long as apical segment.

Mesosoma (Figs 5—G6). Mesosoma 2.4 x longer than high. Pronotum convex dor-
sally and distinctly concave medially, with irregular rugae. Mesoscutum largely cov-
ered with curved rugae (Fig. 5), interspaces smooth and strongly shiny and middle lobe
of mesoscutum distinctly convex with fine median furrow, its posterior third glabrous.
Notauli complete, distinctly crenulate anteriorly but posterior half shallowly crenu-
late and in a medio-posterior rugose area. Scutellar sulcus wide, deep, with a coarse
median carina, almost smooth, 0.4 x as long as scutellum. Scutellum slightly convex
and smooth, but rugulose posteriorly, its lateral carinae almost complete. Metanotum
dorso-medially with three distinct carinae. Subalar depression shallow and wide, with
short striae. Mesopleuron (Fig. 6) with rugose area anteriorly and with smooth inferior
areas. Precoxal sulcus distinctly impressed, smooth and straight. Propodeum convex
and reticulate-rugose, vaguely areolate and costulae indistinctly developed (Fig. 7); its
median carina about 0.5 x as long as propodeum.

A new species of subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)... Wd

500 im ‘

500 um

500 um

pterostigma
parastigma

Figures 2-13. Neodoryctes henanensis Li & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype, but 6 and 11 of fe-
male paratype. 2 Head, front aspect 3 Head, dorsal aspect 4 Basal anternal segments 5 Mesosoma, dorsal
aspect 6 Mesosoma, lateral aspect 7 Propodeum, dorsal aspect 8 Hind coxa 9 Hind femur 10 Hind tibia
11 Hind tarsus 12 Wings 13 Metasoma, dorsal aspect.

112 Tao Li et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 46: 107-114 (2015)

Wings (Fig. 12). Fore wing: length about 4.0 x as long as its maximum width.
Pterostigma 4.3 x as long as its maximum width. Vein M+CU1 strongly curved; vein
r-m present, weakly oblique; vein 2-M present; vein r arising from near middle of
pterostigma; 2-SR 1.4 x as long as r, 0.7 x as long as 3-SR, 0.3 x as long as SRI, 1.5 x
as long as r-m; 1-SR+M curved; 1-CU1 0.2 x as long as 2-CU1; 3-CU1 0.5 x as long
as m-cu. Hind wing: vein 1-M 1.6 x as long as M+CU; vein m-cu straight posteriorly;
vein SR present basally.

Legs (Figs 6, 8-11). Fore tibia with 7-8 strong spines arranged in almost single
straight row. Hind coxa (Fig. 8) 1.6 x as long as wide, rugose dorsally and without tooth;
hind femur 2.6 x as long as wide and with long erect setae (Fig. 9); hind tibia with me-
dium-sized erect setae (Fig. 10); hind tarsus (Figs 10-11) almost as long as to hind tibia;
basitarsus (Fig. 11) 0.9 x as long as second-fifth segments combined; second segment of
hind tarsus 0.4 x as long as basitarsus, 1.5 x as long as telotarsus (without arolium).

Metasoma (Fig. 13). Length 1.1 x as long as head and mesosoma combined. Ter-
gite I 1.1 x longer than wide apically, with large dorsope, its surface with distinct, uni-
form and complete striae, and with minute transverse sculpture between striae; medio-
posteriorly weakly convex and smooth; dorsal carinae conspicuous and half as long as
tergite I; apical width 1.6 x its basal width. Tergite II with oblique lateral depressions,
medial part of tergite II (between sublateral grooves) distinctly transverse (about twice
wider than long medially), tergites [I+III 0.9 x as long as its basal width, 1.8 times as
long as tergite IV in lateral view; its surface with distinct, uniform and complete striae
in basal 0.7, smooth in apical 0.3; second suture hardly impressed, striate and curved.
Basal half of tergites IV and V with fine sculpture, and apically (as remaining tergites)
smooth. Ovipositor sheath 1.3 x as long as metasoma and as long as fore wing.

Colour. Black. Head brown but stemmaticum and apical half of mandible black-
ish brown, median part of face and scape yellowish brown with some reddish, apical
half of antenna rather dark brown; pronotum, mesoscutum, mesopleuron (apically
dark brown) and mesosternum reddish brown; tegula, fore leg (but femur and tibia
blackish brown), mid leg (but coxa, femur and tibia blackish brown), hind trochanters
and base of tibia, yellowish brown; pterostigma (except for yellowish brown base and
apex) and veins blackish brown; sublateral striae of tergite II dark reddish brown.

Male. Length of body 4.2 mm, and of fore wing 2.9 mm. Antennal articles 29, an-
tenna 1.1 x longer than body. Length of mesosoma 2.8 x longer than high. Length of
tergite 1 1.5 x as long as its apical width and apical width 1.7 x its basal width. Length
of tergites H+III 1.8 x its basal width, 2.2 x as long as length of tergite IV. Head (but
stemmaticum and apical half of mandible blackish brown; basal half of antenna yellow,
apical half brown), fore leg, mid leg (but telotarsus and claws blackish brown), hind leg
(but coxa and most of femur yellowish brown with some reddish; telotarsus and claws
blackish brown), pterostigma and veins yellowish brown; pronotum and mesoscutum
yellowish brown with some reddish; propodeum and metasoma reddish brown and
partly blackish.

Variation. Female paratype has length of body 4.6 mm, and of fore wing 3.7 mm.
Head (but stemmaticum and apical half of mandible blackish brown; apical half of an-

A new species of subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)... 113

tenna brown), legs except claws blackish brown, tegulae, yellowish brown; pterostigma
(but basally and apically yellowish brown) and veins brown; pronotum and mesoscu-
tum yellowish brown with some reddish; scutellum, propodeum, hind coxa and meta-
soma (but tergites I1+IH yellowish brown with some reddish), dark reddish brown.

Biology. Presumably larval parasitoid of Pterolophia sp. (Coleoptera: Cerambyci-
dae) boring in Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hert. et Vent. (Moraceae).

Distribution. Palaearctic China (Henan).

Remarks. ‘The new species belongs to the subgenus Neodoryctes Szépligeti because
of the short vein 1-M of the hind wing. It can be separated from other Palaearctic and
North Oriental species of this subgenus by having vein 3-SR of fore wing about 1.6
x as long as vein m-cu, apical half of vein M+CU1 of fore wing strongly curved and
vein 1-M of hind wing 1.5—1.6 x as long as vein M+CU (vein 3-SR of fore wing about
1.0—-1.5 x as long as vein m-cu, apical half of vein M+CU1 of fore wing slightly curved
and vein 1-M of hind wing about 1.3—1.4 x as long as vein M+CU in the remaining
species). It shares with D. slavianka Belokobylskij, 1996, from Korea and Far East
Russia, the lack of a dorsal tooth on the hind coxa and the striate or rugose mesos-
cutum; however, it differs from the latter species by having the medial part of tergite
II (between the sublateral grooves) distinctly transverse (about twice wider than long
medially; about 1.2 x in D. slavianka), the ovipositor sheath about as long as fore wing
(0.60-0.75 x), the propodeum weakly areolate (distinctly areolate) and vein M+CU1
of fore wing distinctly curved (nearly straight).

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the locality of the holotype.

Acknowledgements

The authors are deeply grateful to Dr. Gavin Broad (Department of Life Science, the
Natural History Museum, London, UK) and Dr. Alejandro Zaldivar-Riverén (Univer-
sidad Nacional Auténoma de México, Mexico D. E, Mexico) for valuable comments
and suggestions. We also thank to Guang-Lin Xie (Yangtze University, Hubei Province,
China) for identifying the host. This research was supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 31070585; NSFC, No. 31310103033).

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