JHR 45:97-I 11 (2015) ore JOURNAL OF | *0eerrteve opencoss jure
Pier (4) Hymenoptera

http://jhr.pensoft.net The insertional Society of Hymenoptersts. RESEARCH

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera,
Braconidae, Alysiinae), with description of a new species
from Iran and clarification of the status of Antrusa
chrysogastra (Tobias, 1986)

Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo', Ali Ameri’,
Ali Asghar Talebi*, Sergey A. Belokobylskij?

| Bleichestrasse 15, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland 2 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat

Modares University, P O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran 3 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,
St Petersburg, 199034, Russia; Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64,
Warszawa 00-679, Poland

Corresponding author: Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo (peris.felipo@gmail.com; francisco. peris@uv.es)

Academic editor: Gavin Broad| Received 17 May 2015 | Accepted 22 June 2015 | Published 7 September 2015
http://zoobank. org/EC9768 1 D-B9IE8-4 15E-95CB-1BDBF4402A18

Citation: Peris-Felipo FJ, Ameri A, Talebi AA, Belokobylskij SA (2015) Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943
(Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae), with description of a new species from Iran and clarification of the status of

Antrusa chrysogastra (Tobias, 1986). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111. doi: 10.3897/JHR.45.5313

Abstract

The species of the Western Palaearctic genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 are reviewed. The new species Aristelix
persica sp. n. is described from Iran. Redescriptions and illustrations of A. phaenicura (Haliday, 1839)
and Antrusa chrysogastra (Tobias, 1986), comb. n. are presented. A key to the known Aristelix species is
provided.

Keywords

Braconidae, Alysiinae, Dacnusini, parasitoids, Antrusa, new species, new combination, redescriptions, Iran

Copyright Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

98 Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111 (2015)

Introduction

Aristelix Nixon, 1943 is a rare, previously monotypic genus of the tribe Dacnusini
(Nixon 1943, Shenefelt 1974, Tobias 1998). The genus is restricted exclusively to the
Western Palaearctic region (Tobias 1986, Yu et al. 2012) and initially included only
the type species, A. phaenicura (Haliday, 1839), relatively widely distributed in several
European countries (Yu et al. 2012).

The main diagnostic characters of Aristelix are as follows: at least mesosoma, but
sometimes also temple, hind coxa and femur granulate; mandibles short, always with
four distinct teeth, its median (second) tooth the longest; metasoma elongate, apical
metasomal tergites usually with more than one row of setae; second metasomal tergite
rugose-striate at least in basal half; radial (r) vein originating distinctly before middle
of pterostigma (Tobias 1986, Achterberg 1993).

Exotela (Antrusa) chrysogastra Tobias, 1986, described from Moldova by To-
bias (1986) (at this time treated regarded Antrusa Nixon, 1943 as a subgenus
of Exotela Foerster, 1862), was also transferred to the genus Aristelix by Fischer
(1990). However, examination of the holotype of this species showed that it is
not member of Aristelix because it lacks all the main diagnostic characters of this
genus, listed above. Actually this species belongs to the genus Antrusa Nixon due
to vein 2-M merging with the submarginal cell, as opposed to the discal cell in
Exotela Forster, 1862 (Tobias 1998; Pardo 2010). Antrusa comprises a total of 36
species described from the Palaeartic Region (Yu et al. 2012) and it is character-
ized by the apical metasomal tergites each with only one row of setae, mandible
3-dentate, middle longitudinal ridge on the first metasomal tergite developed, and
vein m-cu antefurcal (Tobias 1986, 1998; Pardo 2010). Keys for identification of
all genera discussed here were published by Tobias (1998), Perepechaenko (2000)
and Pardo (2010).

According to Tobias (1998), Orientelix Tobias, 1998 (type species O. marginalis
Tobias, 1998), recently described from the Russian Far East genus , is closely related
to Aristelix due to the similar mandible structure, elongate mesosoma and sculpture of
the second tergite. We suppose it is a geographical vicariant of the genus Aristelix in
the Eastern Palaearctic.

In this work, we describe a peculiar new species of Aristelix from Iran, as well as
redescribe and illustrate the type species, and provide a key for determination of these
two species. Additionally, Antrusa chrysogastra (Tobias, 1986) is redescribed and its
taxonomic position redefined.

Materials and methods

Two specimens of Aristelix were collected using Malaise traps in the single locality of
Hormozgan Province of Iran (Fig. 1), where more than 70% of territory is covered by
mountains and hills (Zaeifi 2001).

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)... 99

Figure |. Habitats in Hormozgan Province, where Aristelix specimens were collected. A General land-

scape B Malaise trap habitat.

Photographs were taken with a Digital Microscope VHX-2000 and with a Nikon®
D700 mounted on a Leica® S8APO microscope, with images combined using Heli-
con Focus® and edited using Adobe Photoshop® imaging system. For terminology of
morphological features and sculpture, measurements and wing venation nomenclature
see van Achterberg (1993) and HymAO (Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology Portal:
http://portal.hymao.org/) (Yoder et al. 2010).

‘The types of new species are deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute
of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia (ZISP).

Taxonomic part

Aristelix phaenicura (Haliday, 1839)
Figs 2, 3

Alysia (Dacnusa) phaenicura Haliday 1839: 6.

Alysia (Dacnusa) phoenicura: Haliday 1839: 27, 66, Dalla Torre 1898: 28 (mispelling: Ha-
liday spelt the species as phaenicura in the description but as phoenicura in the index).

Dacnusa phaenicura: Nixon 1937: 49.

Dacnusa phoenicura: Marshall 1895: 463, 1897: 2, Szépligeti 1904: 195, Telenga 1935: 119.

Aristelix phaenicura: Nixon 1943: 27, Shenefelt 1974: 1030, Riegel 1982: 61, Tobias
1986: 269, Docavo and Tormos 1988: 162, Quicke et al. 1997: 26, Fischer 1999:
17, Belokobylskij et al. 2003: 357, Papp 2004: 133, 2005: 145, Yu et al. 2012.

Aristelix phoenicura: van Achterberg 1997: 65, Perepechayenko 2008: 365, Broad et
al. 2012: 13.

Material examined. 1 female, Moldova, Tatareshty, steppe meadow in the forest,
6.vi.1967 (Tobias coll.), 1 male, Russia, Sochi, Lazarevskoe, terraced slope, forest,

8—9.v.1975 (Tobias coll.)

100 Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111 (2015)

Figure 2. Aristelix phaenicura (Haliday) (A, C-F female B male) A, B Habitus, lateral view C Mandible

D Head, front view E Antenna F Head and mesosoma, lateral view.

Redescription. Female. Body length 2.6 mm; fore wing length 2.6 mm.

Head in dorsal view 1.7 times as wide as median length, 1.45 times as wide as
mesoscutum, vertex smooth, with small groove between occiput and ocelli. Eye in lat-
eral view 1.5 times as high as wide and 1.2 times as wide as temple medially. POL 1.4
times OD; OOL 2.6 times OD. Face punctate, with scattered short setae, 1.4 times
as wide as high; inner margins of eyes subparallel. Clypeus slightly curved ventrally,
1.9 times as wide as high. Mandible 4-dentate, not widened towards apex, 1.1 times as
long as maximum width. Upper tooth of mandible small, distinctly shorter than lower

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)... 101

Figure 3. Aristelix phaenicura (Haliday) (female) A Head and mesonotum, dorsal view B Propodeum and
first metasomal tergite, dorsal view C Legs, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view D Metasoma, dorsal view

E First to third metasomal tergites, dorsal view F Fore and hind wings.

tooth, pointed apically; second (median) tooth longest, wide basally and distinctly nar-
rowed towards apex, pointed apically; third tooth small, about as long as first tooth,
pointed, arising from base of second tooth and situated above it; lower tooth rather
large, pointed apically, distinctly separated.

Antenna longer than body, 27-segmented. Scape twice as long as pedicel. First fla-
gellar segment 3.2 times as long as its apical width, 1.25 times as long as first segment;
second segment 2.5 times as long as its maximum width. Penultimate segment 2.2—2.3
times as long as wide; apical segment 3.0 times as long as maximum width.

102 Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111 (2015)

Mesosoma 1.7 times as long as high (lateral view). Mesoscutum 0.95 times as long
as its maximum width, with numerous scattered setae. Notauli shallow on posterior half
of mesoscutum. Mesoscutal midpit present, distinctly elongate. Prescutellar depression
smooth, with median carina but without lateral carinae. Precoxal suture present, weakly
rugulose, reaching anterior and posterior margins of mesopleuron. Mesepimeral sulcus
crenulate below. Lower part of mesopleuron and metapleuron with long whitish setae.
Propodeum completely rugose-reticulate. Propodeal spiracle relatively small.

Wings. Length of fore wing 2.6 times its maximum width. Marginal cell short,
ending before apex of wing, 3.7 times as long as its maximum width. Vein r arising
distinctly before middle of pterostigma. Second submarginal cell closed, 2.5 times as
long as its maximum width. Hind wing 5.3 times as long as maximum width.

Legs. Hind femur 3.5 times as long as maximum width. Hind tibia distinctly
widened towards apex, 7.9 times as long as its maximum subapical width, 1.05 times
as long as hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus (basitarsus) 1.25 times as long as
second segment.

Metasoma compressed. First tergite striate, with scattered setae, weakly widened
towards apex, twice as long as apical width. Second tergite mainly striate, smooth on
apical sides. Tergites from third to sixth with more them one row of setae. Ovipositor
weakly projecting beyond apex of metasoma, 0.85 times as long as first tergite, 0.5
times as long as hind femur.

Colour. Head, antenna, mesosoma, hind tibia, first segment of hind tarsus and ovi-
positor sheaths dark brown. Legs brownish yellow. First and second metasomal tergite
almost black, following tergites yellowish brown. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown.

Male. Body length 2.7 mm; fore wing 2.7 mm. Antenna 29-segmented. First fla-
gellar segment 2.2 times and second segment twice as long as their maximum width.
Hind femur 3.8 times as long as maximum width. All coxae, hind femur and tibia dark
brown. Otherwise similar to female.

Comparative diagnosis. Differences between Aristelix phaenicura and A. persica
sp. n. are described in the key below.

Distribution. Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Moldova, Russia, Slovakia,
Spain, Ukraine, United Kingdom (Yu et al. 2012).

Aristelix persica Peris-Felipo, sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/3B3E17D6-AD40-4B9E-B58F-GCECC961BFCB
Figs 4, 5

Type material. Holotype: female, Iran, Hormozgan Province, Geno, 27°24'16.16"N,
56°08'51.80"E, 1274 m, 20.iii.2012 (Ameri leg.) (ZISP). Paratype: 1 male, same label
as holotype (ZISP).

Description. Female. Body length 2.8 mm, fore wing length 2.5 mm.

Head in dorsal view 1.4 times as wide as median length, 1.3 times as wide as mes-
oscutum; vertex smooth, with dark line between occiput and ocelli. Eye in lateral view

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)... 103

1mm

Figure 4. Aristelix persica sp. n. (A, C-F female B male) A, B Habitus, lateral view C Head and mesosoma,
lateral view D Mandible E Head, front view F Basal segments of antenna.

1.5 times as high as wide and as wide as temple medially. POL 1.4 times OD; OOL
2.8 times OD. Face smooth, with scattered short setae, 1.65 times as wide as high;
inner margins of eyes subparallel. Clypeus slightly curved ventrally, twice as wide as
high. Anterior tentorial pit short, not reached middle half distance between clypeus
and eye. Mandible 4-dentate, not widened towards apex, 1.2 times as long as maxi-
mum width. Upper tooth of mandible rather wide, longer than lower tooth, pointed
apically; second (median) tooth longest, wide basally and distinctly narrowed towards
apex, subpointed apically; third tooth about as long as first tooth, pointed, arising

104 Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111 (2015)

Figure 5. Aristelix persica sp. n. (female) A Head and mesonotum, dorsal view B Mesosoma, lateral view

C Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view D First and second metasomal tergites, dorsal view

E Legs, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view F Fore and hind wings.

from base of second tooth and situated upper it; lower tooth shortest, pointed apically,
distinctly separated.

Antenna longer than body, 26-segmented. Scape twice as long as pedicel. First
flagellar segment 3.9 times as long as its apical width, 1.3 times as long as first
segment; second segment 3.2 times as long as its maximum width. Penultimate
segment about 2.2 times and apical segment 3.0 times as long as their maximum
width accordingly.

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)... 105

Mesosoma 1.4 times as long as high (lateral view). Mesoscutum 0.95 times as long
as its maximum width, with numerous scattered setae. Notauli shallow on posterior
half of mesoscutum. Mesoscutal midpit present, distinctly elongate. Prescutellar de-
pression smooth, with median and lateral carinae. Precoxal suture present, wide and
coarsely crenulate, reaching anterior and posterior margins of mesopleuron. Mese-
pimeral sulcus crenulate below. Lower part of mesopleuron and metapleuron with
long whitish setae. Propodeum completely rugose-reticulate. Propodeal spiracle rela-
tively small.

Wings. Length of fore wing 2.8 times its maximum width. Marginal cell short,
ending before apex of wing, 3.5 times as long as its maximum width. Vein r arising
distinctly before middle of pterostigma. Second submarginal cell closed, 2.8 times as
long as its maximum width. Hind wing 5.6 times as long as maximum width.

Legs. Hind femur 4.15 times as long as maximum width. Hind tibia weakly widened
towards apex, 10.8 times as long as its maximum subapical width, 0.9 times as long as
hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus (basitarsus) 1.6 times as long as second segment.

Metasoma compressed laterally. First tergite striate; weakly widened towards apex;
1.7 times as long as apical width; with scattered setae. Second tergite almost complete-
ly longitudinally rugose-punctate. Tergites third to sixth with only one row of setae on
their apical halves. Ovipositor not projecting beyond apex of metasoma, 0.35 times as
long as first tergite, 0.25 times as long as hind femur.

Colour. Body mainly light reddish brown and partly darker reddish. Antenna
mainly, mesosoma in lateral furrows and depressions, tracks of notauli, prescutellar
depression, propodeum, metapleuron and apical tergites of metasoma dark brown. Ba-
sal segments of antenna and legs yellowish brown, hind leg darkened. Wings hyaline.
Pterostigma brown.

Male. Body length 2.5 mm; fore wing 2.4 mm. Antenna 26-segmented. First fla-
gellar segment 4.2 times as long as its maximum width; second segment 3.0 times as
long as its maximum width. Otherwise similar to female.

Etymology. The name refers to the historical name of the country, Persia, where
this new species was discovered.

Comparative diagnosis. Differences between Aristelix persica sp. n. and A. phae-
nicura (Haliday) are described in the following key.

Key to species of the genus Aristelix

1 Hind tibia dark (Fig. 3C, D). Precoxal suture finely rugulose (Fig. 2F). Eye
in lateral view 1.5 times as wide as temple medially (Fig. 2F). Basal half of
temple punctate (Fig. 2C, F). First flagellar segment 3.2 times as long as its
maximum width (Fig. 2E). Mesosoma in lateral view 1.7 times as long as
high (Fig. 2F). Hind femur 3.5—3.8 times as long as maximum width (Fig.
3C). First metasomal tergite 2.0 times as long as apical width (Figs 3B, 3E).
SPs Ss ARE Sa k% Nal rie sg BYERS te ENE as, SENS AME ts, DONENS A. phaenicura (Haliday)

106 Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111 (2015)

< Hind tibia light reddish brown (Fig. 5E). Precoxal suture coarsely crenulate
(Figs 4C, 5B). Eye in lateral view as wide as temple medially (Fig. 4C). Basal
half of temple smooth (Fig. 4C). First flagellar segment 3.9 times as long as
its maximum width (Fig. 4F). Mesosoma in lateral view 1.4 times as long as
high (Figs 4C, 5B). Hind femur 4.1—4.2 times as long as maximum width
(Fig. 5E). First metasomal tergite 1.7 times as long as apical width (Figs 5C,
DB) eeetS RIES Vrs Ae tech OM: hatcreh Sas Ms hs a Meer cL eRe A. persica sp. n.

Antrusa chrysogastra (Tobias, 1986), comb. n.
Figs 6, 7

Exotela (Antrusa) chrysogastra Tobias 1986: 351.
Antrusa chrysogastra: Perepechaenko 2000: 75; Tormos et al. 2009: 258.
Aristelix chrysogastra: Fischer 1999: 17; Yu et al. 2012.

Material examined. Holotype (ZISP; examined): male, Moldova (Moldavia)
“Tatareshty [47°12'15.8"N, 28°32'19.0"E], ostepn[yonnyi] lug v lesu [= steppe
meadow in the forest], Tobias [collector], 6.vi.[1]967”; “Holotypus Exotela (Antrusa)
chrysogastra Tobias’.

Redescription. Male. Body length 2.5 mm; fore wing length 2.85 mm.

Head in dorsal view twice as wide as median length, 1.3 times as wide as mesoscu-
tum, vertex entirely smooth, with scattered setae. Eye in lateral view 1.5 times as high
as wide and 1.2 times as wide as temple medially. POL 1.85 times OD; OOL 3.0 times
OD. Face punctate, with middle carina in upper half, with scattered long setae, twice
as wide as high; inner margins of eyes subparallel. Clypeus slightly curved ventrally, 2.9
times as wide as high. Mandible 3-dentate, widened towards apex, 1.25 times as long
as maximum width. Upper tooth of mandible longer than lower tooth, rounded api-
cally; middle tooth long, wide basally and narrowed towards apex, rounded apically;
lower tooth pointed apically.

Antenna longer than body, 29-segmented. Scape about 1.7 times as long as pedicel.
First flagellar segment 2.6 times as long as its apical width, 1.25 times as long as first
segment; second segment 2.15 times as long as its maximum width. Penultimate seg-
ments 1.3 times as long as wide; apical segment 2.3 times as long as maximum width.

Mesosoma 1.25 times as long as high (lateral view). Mesoscutum as long as its
maximum width, with numerous setae on its middle surface and scattered setae on
lateral areas. Notauli shallow on horizontal surface of mesoscutum. Mesoscutal midpit
present, distinctly elongate. Prescutellar depression smooth, with median and lateral
carinae. Precoxal suture present, wide, rugose, reached anterior margin of mesopleu-
ron and not reaching its posterior margin. Mesepimeral sulcus crenulate below. Lower
part of mesopleuron and metapleuron with long whitish setae. Propodeum completely
rugose-reticulate. Propodeal spiracle relatively small.

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)... 107

— 7 Ses Ai me

Figure 6. Antrusa chrysogastra (Tobias) (male) A Habitus, lateral view B Antenna C Mandible D Head,

front view E Head and mesosoma, lateral view F Head and mesonotum, dorsal view.

Wings. Length of fore wing 3.0 times its maximum width. Marginal cell short,
ending before apex of wing, 3.5 times as long as its maximum width. Vein r arising
distinctly before middle of pterostigma. Second submarginal cell closed, 2.2 times as
long as its maximum width. Hind wing 5.0 times as long as maximum width.

Legs. Hind femur 4.0 times as long as maximum width. Hind tibia weakly widened
towards apex, 10.0 times as long as its maximum subapical width, 1.25 times as long as
hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus (basitarsus) 1.7 times as long as second segment.

108 Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo et al. / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 45: 97-111 (2015)

Sa < pes
Figure 7. Antrusa chrysogastra (Tobias) (male) A Mesosoma, dorsal view B Propodeum and first to third

metasoma tergites, dorsal view C Hind leg and metasoma, lateral view D Fore wing E Median part of fore wing.

Metasoma distinctly compressed. First tergite entirely striate, with scattered setae,
weakly widened towards apex, 1.5 times as long as apical width. Second tergite striate
in apical half and here with scattered setae, 0.4 times as long medially as basal its width.
Fourth to sixth tergites each with single row of setae in apical half.

Colour. Head, antennal segments, mesosoma, first and second tergite black. Scape,
pedicel and most part of metasoma yellowish brown, first and second metasomal ter-
gites black. Legs yellow. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown.

Female. Unknown.

Review of the genus Aristelix Nixon, 1943 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)... 109

Comparative diagnosis. According to Tobias’ key (1986), Antrusa chrysogastra
(Tobias) differs from A. chrysotegula (Tobias, 1986) in having the first metasomal ter-
gite rugose-punctate (longitudinally striate in A. chrysotegula), hind femur 4.5 times as
long as its maximum width (5.5 times in A. chrysotegula), mesonotum almost entirely
with short semi-erecte setae (only anteriorly pubescent in A. chrysotegula), and meta-
soma yellow in the apical half (dark to black in apical half in A. chrysotegula).

Distribution. Moldova.

Remarks. The main characters of Aztrusa Forster are vein 2-M usually merging
with the submarginal cell; m-cu antefurcal; mandibles widened apically and with only
three teeth; first metasomal tergite with a median longitudinal keel; metasoma and
head without granulate sculpture; second metasomal tergite usually smooth; apical
metasomal tergites each with a single transverse line of setae; and no sexual dimor-
phism in the pterostigma (Tobias 1986, van Achterberg 1993, Perepechaenko 2000,
Tormos et al. 2009, Pardo 2010). According to characters listed here, A. chrysogastra
(Tobias) undoubtedly belongs to the genus Avtrusa, but not to Aristelix.

Acknowledgement

We are very thankful to Hannes Baur (Naturhistoriches Museum Bern, Switzerland)
for his kindness and help during our work with the photosystem in the Museum. The
second and third authors would like to thank the Department of Entomology, Tarbiat
Modares University, for providing financial support for this research. This work was
supported in part by grant given by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (pro-
jects No. 13-04-00026 and 15-29-02466) and the Russian state research project No.
01201351189 to the first and fourth authors.

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