ote

JHR 43: 9-18 (2015) JOURNAL COR. A peetireatewed open atontsloureat
See (4) Hymenoptera

http://jhr.pensoft.net The insertional Society of ymenoptersts. RESEARCH

Two new species of the newly recorded subgenus
Tropidodynerus Bluthgen (Hymenoptera, Vespidae,
Eumeninae) from China, with a key to the known species

Ting-jing Li', Bin Chen!

| Institute of Entomology & Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongging Normal University,
Chongqing 401331, China

Corresponding author: TJing-jing Li (Itjing1979@hotmail.com)

Academic editor: W. Pulawski| Received 7 January 2015 | Accepted 8 March 2015 | Published 27 March 2015
http://zoobank.ore/6FA569CB-E38 1-4FD0-9A15-A1949386FED5

Citation: Li T-j, Chen B (2015) Two new species of the newly recorded subgenus Tropidodynerus Bliithgen (Hymenoptera:
Vespidae: Eumeninae) from China, with a key to the known species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43: 9-18. doi:
10.3897/JHR.43.4473

Abstract

The genus Tropidodynerus Bliithgen is newly recorded from China and two new species of the genus are
described and illustrated, namely Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) liupanshanensis sp. n. from Ningxia,
China and 7 (7!) concavus sp. n. from Hebei, China. In addition, a key to all known species of the subge-
nus Tropidodynerus is updated. Type specimens of these two new species are deposited in Hebei University
and Chongqing Normal University.

Keywords

Hymenoptera, Eumeninae, Tropidodynerus, new record, new species, China

Introduction

The genus 7ropidodynerus includes five species with three subspecies worldwide, be-
longing to two subgenera, namely Tropidodynerus and Tropidepipona (van der Vecht
and Carpenter 1990; Girish Kumar et al. 2013). So far, the subgenus 7ropidepipona
only occurs in the Oriental Region, and the subgenus 77opidodynerus is distributed in
the Palearctic Region (Bluthgen 1939; Kurzenko 1977; Giordani Soika 1994; Guse-

Copyright Li T-j, Chen B. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

10 Ting-jing Li & Bin Chen / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43: 9-18 (2015)

nleitner 1998, 2007a, 2007b; Borsato 2006). No species of the genus was recorded
from China. In our study of the eumenine wasps from China, two species of the
subgenus Tropidodynerus were collected and recognized, which are new to science. In
the present paper, these two new species are described and illustrated in detail, and a
key to the worldwide species of the subgenus Tropidodynerus is updated. The key was
produced based on both the examination of specimens and the information extracted
from literature.

Materials and methods

‘The specimens examined are deposited in the Institute of Entomology and Molecular
Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China (CQNU) and College
of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding (HBU), respectively. Descriptions and
measurements were made under a stereomicroscope (Nikon SMZ1500), and all fig-
ures were taken with a stereomicroscope (LEICA EZ4HD) attached to a computer
using Leica Application Suite version 2.1.0 software. The ratios used throughout the
descriptions were measured in the same amplifying multiple of stereomicroscope.
All measurements were taken as the maximal length of body parts measured. Body
length was measured from the anterior margin of head to the posterior margin of
metasomal tergum 2. For the density description of punctures, “sparsely” means that
the intervals between are larger than diameter, “moderately” means equal to diameter,
and whereas “densely” means less than diameter. The abbreviations used in the text
are shown as follows: Al for antennal segment 1, A2 for antennal segment 2, POD
for postocellar distance, OOD for the minimum distance between the compound
eye and posterior ocellus; [1 for metasomal tergum 1, T2 for metasomal tergum 2,
S1 for metasomal sternum 1, S2 for metasomal sternum 2, and so on. Terminology
principally follows Terminology principally follows Carpenter (1982) and Carpenter
and Cumming (1985).

Taxonomy

Tropidodynerus Bliithgen, 1939

Tropidodynerus Blithgen, 1939: 259, 260; Carpenter 1986: 87; van der Vecht and
Carpenter 1990: 59; Girish Kumar et al. 2013: 163.

Type species. Hoplomerus interruptus (Brullé, 1832) = H. mandibularis Morawitz,
1885 (= Polistes interrupta Brullé, 1832), by original designation (confirmed by Bliith-
gen 1941: 306).

Diagnosis. Without cephalic fovea in female; vertex weakly longitudinally rugose;
mesosoma and tempora with very fine pubescence, anterior face of pronotum without

Two new species of the newly recorded subgenus Tropidodynerus Blithgen a

foveae; tegula very short and its posterior lobe rounded; parategula elongated and its
apex distinctly surpassing the apex of tegula; apical segments of antennae coiled in
male; submarginal carina and valvula of propodeum not produced; mid tibia with
one spur; forewing with second submarginal cell and not petiolate; metasoma sessile,
S3-S7 with conspicuous fringe of setae in male.

Distribution. Oriental and Palearctic Regions.

Key to the subgenera of Tropidodynerus

1 Labial palpi 3-segmented; propodeum completely rounded at side, dorsal
surface strongly convex; the Oriental Region (Giordani Soika 1994; Girish
etura ate 2ONS aac vay thas anmesnnataees atinemaes sedans subgenus Tropidepipona

- Labial palpi 4-segmented; propodeum somewhat rounded at side, dorsal sur-
face not convex; the Palearctic Region (Giordani Soika 1994; Girish Kumar
DOLD Jae Mevsyaee teh aetna ithe dtcsaroaes na’ eadiioobe stent Betreabeees subgenus Tropidodynerus

Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) liupanshanensis Li & Chen, sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/22BF1014-5536-4EA2-A869-27B6E720BF1D
Figs 1-9

Material examined. Holotype 9, China, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Guyuan
City, Jingyuan County, Liupanshan, Xixia Forest, 35°29'40.22"N, 106°17'42.40"E,
2107m, 27.VI.2008, Feng Yuan, No. 1004046 (HBU). Paratype: 14, China, Ningxia
Hui Autonomous Region, Guyuan City, Jingyuan County, Liupanshan, Erlong River,
35°21'11.95"N, 106°20'29.28"E, 2300m, 5—6.VII.2009, Hongfan Ran & Shanshan
Zhang, No. 1004047 (CQNU).

Description. Female (Figs 1, 3, 5-6): body length 8.0 mm, forewing length 8.5
mm. Black, with the following parts yellow: a basal band of clypeus (Fig. 3), a large
transverse interantennal spot, a small mark approaching the middle of inner orbits on
the lower side of eye, postocular spot (Fig. 6), a thin band on dorsal surface of prono-
tum (Fig. 1), small spots on tegula anteriorly and posteriorly, elongated spots on dorsal
faces of all tibiae, a broad apical band on each of T1—-T4, and a thinner apical band on
S2; tibiae except yellow spots and all tarsi dark brown. Wings slightly brownish.

Head. In front view, head much wider than long, its width 1.40x length; clypeus
(Fig. 3) somewhat convex, with dense punctures, those on apex mostly so elongated
as to forming thin and irregular longitudinal striations, clypeal width 1.60x its length,
total width: apical width = 4.0: 1.5, apex deeply emarginated, apical width: depth of
emargination = 1.5: 0.7, interantennal space convex, without median carina; punc-
tures on frons thick and reticulate; ocular sinus with sparser punctures; POD: OOD =
12: 21, diameter of anterior ocellus as long as the distance between anterior ocellus and
posterior ocelli; vertex punctured, punctures somewhat weaker than those on frons;
cephalic fovea obsolete; occipital carina strong only on sides.

12 Ting-jing Li & Bin Chen / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43: 9-18 (2015)

0.5 mm

0.5 mm

Imm

Figures 1-9. Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) liupanshanensis sp. n. | habitus of holotype (dorsal view),
Q 2 habitus of one paratype (dorsal view), 3 3 clypeus, 2 4 clypeus, 4 5 parategula (lateral view), 2

6 vertex (dorsal view) , 2 7 antennae (lateral view), 4 8 mid coxa (ventral view), | 9 metasoma (vertral

view), .

Mesosoma. Anterior face of pronotum sparsely punctate, pronotal carina obsolete
at middle, present and somewhat strong at its shoulder, and stopping abruptly below
shoulder, the carina of lateral face well developed, somewhat arced, and not joining the

Two new species of the newly recorded subgenus \ropidodynerus Blithgen 13

carina of shoulder; punctures on mesosoma generally larger than those on head and
metasoma; posterior face and lateral side of pronotum, mesoscutum, mesopleuron,
and scutellum strongly punctured, punctures mostly so elongated as to forming irregu-
lar and reticulate striations; punctures on metanotum comparatively sparser; scutellum
not convex; metanotum inclined; epicnemial carina of mesopleuron obsolete, present
only on the lower side; dorsal surface of propodeum not convex, weakly punctured and
with thin reticulate rugae, vertical median area somewhat concave, with thin, wavy,
transverse rugae and a median carina, lateral side on the upper half with dense thin,
long, and transverse rugae, on the lower half coriaceous and with indistinct rugae;
posterior lobe of tegula rounded at the apex; apex of parategula reaching far beyond
the apex of tegula (Fig. 5).

Metasoma. In dorsal view, T1 domed, its width 1.89 x length and 0.80 x width
of T2, T1 and T2 without apical lamellae; the narrow basal part of S1 coriaceous,
posterior area of S1 with reticulate rugae and lateral carina; punctures on metasoma
distinctly weaker than those on other portions of the body; punctures on T1 bigger
than those of other terga; punctures on T2 at posterior area sparser; punctures on S2
bigger and sparser than those on T2; visible part of T3—T6 and S3-S6 coriaceous and
with minute punctures; the apical yellow bands on T3 and T4 not extending to lateral
margins, the band on T4 shorter than that of T3.

Male (Figs 2, 4, 7-9). Body length 7.0 mm, forewing length 8.5 mm. Punctures,
setae, and coloration similar to female except as follows: clypeus (Fig. 4) entirely,
most of mandible on the outside, labrum, ventral surface of antennal scape, all tibiae
except ventral sides, dorsal sides of fore and mid tarsi I, ventral side of mid coxa (Fig.
8), apex of mid femur ventrally, and apical bands on T1—T5 yellow; in front view,
width of head 1.37x its length; POD: OOD = 13: 22, diameter of anterior ocellus
almost equal to the distance between anterior and posterior ocella; clypeus densely
punctured, punctures on apex normal and not elongated, width of clypeus 1.38 x
length, total width: apical width = 4.5: 1.4, apical emargination deeper than that in
female, width: depth of emargination = 1.5: 0.9; antenna (Fig. 7), apical segments
coiled; the mark in eye incision (Fig. 4), postocular spot and elongated spots on dor-
sal faces of all tibia larger than those in female; a small yellow spot on the left upper
part of mesepisternum; tarsi except yellow parts ferruginous to brown; in dorsal view,
width of T1 2.07 x its length and 0.81 x width of T2; apical bands on T2 and T3
pale and pellucid at the middle, the band on T5 shorter than those on T1—T4; the
band on dorsal surface of pronotum wider than that in female; other characters same
as those in female.

Recognition. ‘The species resembles T°: fertoni (Dusmet, 1925) in scutellum and
metanotum black, and propodeum without a sharp edge at the transition of dorsal sur-
face to lateral side. It differs from T° fertoni and all other members of the genus by the
following character combination: clypeal apex deeply emarginated in female, in male
clypeal width: apical width = 4.5:1.4, apical width: depth of emargination =1.5:0.9,
the band on dorsal surface of pronotum comparatively thinner; T1—T5 and S2 with
apical yellow bands, respectively.

14 Ting-jing Li & Bin Chen / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43: 9-18 (2015)

Distribution. China (Ningxia).
Etymology. The specific name /iupanshanensis is the Neolatin adjective, with refer-
ence to the region from which the type specimens were collected.

Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) concavus Li & Chen, sp. n
http://zoobank.org/9BE7 DFC8-30 18-4749-A57E-EEF57CF4386E
Figs 10-17

Material examined. Holotype, 4, China, Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou City, Zhuolu
County, Yangjiaping Forest, 39°58'22.28"N, 115°23'36.38"E, 908m, 6-10. VH.2004,
unspecified collector, No. 1004048 (HBU).

Description. Male (Figs 10-16): Body length 7.5 mm, forewing length 7.0 mm.
Black, with yellow and ferruginous markings. Yellow markings as follows: entirely
clypeus, mandible except apex, labrum, a band along inner orbits on the lower side of
eye (Fig. 11), ventral surfaces of antennal scape and pedicel, a large transverse interan-
tennal spot, a small postocular spot (Fig. 12), a broad band on dorsal surface of pro-
notum (Fig. 10), tegula, a large spot at the upper part of mesepisternum, metanotum,
ventral surface of mid coxa, a apical broad band on each of T1—T5 (Fig. 10) and 82,
a apical broad interrupted band on S3, and a long transverse spot on lateral side of S4
(Fig. 16); ventral surfaces of A3—A10, whole Al 1—12, apex of parategula, and apexes
of all femora to apical tarsi yellow brown; mid and hind femora except apexes largely
ferruginous; Wings slightly brownish.

Head. In front view, head much wider than long, width 1.25 x length; clypeus
with sparsely irregular punctures (Fig. 11) and distinctly convex, its apex deeply emar-
ginated and U-shaped, width of clypeus 1.18 x length, apical width: depth of emar-
gination = 1.5: 1.36, width of clypeus: apical width = 4.5: 1.27; antenna (Fig. 14),
apical segments coiled; interantennal space slightly convex, with median carina; frons
with moderately thick punctures and reticulate; POD: OOD = 20: 22; the diameter
of anterior ocellus somewhat smaller than the distance between anterior and posterior
ocella; punctures on vertex sparser than those on frons.

Mesosoma. Anterior face of pronotum coriaceous and with minute punctures,
pronotal carina complete at the middle and its shoulder, stopping abruptly below
shoulder, and its lateral face well developed, somewhat bending, and not joining the
carina of shoulder; punctures on pronotum sparser than those on other parts of meso-
soma, the distances between punctures almost equal to the diameter, punctures on lat-
eral side of pronotum comparatively denser and stronger; mesoscutum, mesopleuron,
and scutellum strongly punctured, punctures distinctly dense and mostly so connected
as to forming reticulate striations (Fig. 17); scutellum somewhat convex; metanotum
smooth, with sparse punctures and inclined; epicnemial carina of mesopleuron absent
on the upper half, present and strong on the lower half; propodeum impunctate, dorsal
surface not convex and wholly with dense oblique rugae, vertical median area concave,
somewhat deep, and with a median carina; the whole vertical and lateral sides of pro-

Two new species of the newly recorded subgenus Tropidodynerus Blithgen 15

“
o

.
io” ae

Figures 10-17. Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) concavus sp. n. 10 habitus of holotype (dorsal view),
oS II clypeus, 4 12 vertex (dorsal view), 6’ 13 mid coxa (ventral view), 4 14 antennae (lateral view), 3

15 parategula (lateral view), 4 16 metasoma (vertral view), 3 17 mesoscutum and scutellum (dorsal view).

podeum with densely thin, long and transverse rugae; posterior lobe of tegula rounded
at the apex; apex of parategula reaching far beyond the apex of tegula (Fig. 15); mid
coxa concave ventrally (Fig. 13).

Metasoma (Fig. 16). In dorsal view, T1 domed, width 2.16 x length and 0.76 x
width of T2; T1 and T2 without apical lamellae; S1 coriaceous, posterior area with
faint transverse rugae, lateral carina obsolete; punctures on metasoma distinctly mi-
nuter and denser than those on other parts of the body; punctures on T1 somewhat
bigger and sparser than those on other terga, with interspaces in average as long as the
diameter of the punctures; punctures on T2 denser than those on S2, and visible part

of T3—T7 and S3—S7 somewhat weaker.

16 Ting-jing Li & Bin Chen / Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43: 9-18 (2015)

Female. Unknown.

Recognition. The species resembles 7: flavus (Lepeletier, 1841) in metanotum yel-
low, propodeum without a sharp edge at the transition of dorsal surface to lateral side,
and apical bands on T2 and T3 not interrupted. It differs from T° flavus and all other
members of the genus by the following character combination: total width of clypeus:
apical width = 4.5: 1.27, apical width: depth of apical concavity =1.5: 1.36, scutellum
black, and mid coxa concave ventrally.

Distribution. China (Hebei).

Etymology. ‘The specific name is the Latin adjective concavus, with reference to
mid coxa concave ventrally in male.

Key to the world species of the subgenus Tropidodynerus Bliithgen
Males

1 Propodeum with a sharp edge at the transition of dorsal surface to lateral side,
extending downwards to metasomal fossa; apical bands on T2 and T3 widely
interrupted in the middle, rarely complete (Gusenleitner 1998, 2007) .........
Pah Reh, PEA a eed) CE T. (T.) interruptus (Brullé, 1832)

= Propodeum without a sharp edge at the transition of dorsal surface to lateral
side, forming only a dull corner or almost complete; apical bands on T2 and
T3 not interrupted or at most pale and pellucid in the middle... 2

2 Scutelliamieanaametan oti blacks. ; paca pliecds otdceevatdculns tae te rtectsertaegeevehetueeie 3

— AG leas pametatrotumircllOw.12...dscha.cesenediaresancensndnaeohecestepater sige sinsnnn tear esnass 4

3 Clypeal total width: apical width = 4.5: 1.4, apical width: depth of apical
concavity = 1.5: 0.9; the band on dorsal surface of pronotum thinner; T1-T5
and S2 with apical yellow bands, without lateral spots (Fig. 2)... eee
sah Bes ened Are rooms tetas ence teat tek uledlae T. (T.) liupanshanensis sp.n.

= Clypeal total width: apical width = 4.5: 1.9; apical width: depth of apical con-
cavity = 1.5: 0.7; the band on dorsal surface of pronotum broad; T1—T6 with
apical yellow bands, S2—S4 with lateral yellow spots (Gusenleitner 2007).....
Peer Oe ne ge te, ea T. (T.) fertoni (Dusmet, 1925)

4 Clypeal total width of clypeus: apical width = 4.5: 1.27, apical width: depth
of apical concavity =1.5: 1.36; scutellum black; mid coxa concave ventrally
EIS rel as Pe cx vovicunze exe coup evecenetvummeverenuen een sreantoneageus eget T. (T7.) concavus sp. n.

= Clypeal total width: apical width = 4.5:1.5; apical width: depth of apical con-
cavity =1.5: 1.0; scutellum with two large yellow or brown yellow spots; mid

coxa normal (Gusenleitner 1998, 2007)....... T. (T.) flavus (Lepeletier, 1841)
Females

1 Propodeum with a sharp edge at the transition of dorsal surface to lateral side,
extending downwards to metasomal fossa; apical bands on T2 and T3 widely

Two new species of the newly recorded subgenus Tropidodynerus Blithgen 17

interrupted in the middle, rarely complete (Gusenleitner 1998, 2007) .........
es oe a oreo ia ene ae Warren AW Wh et AER Dl T. (T.) interruptus (Brullé, 1832)
— Propodeum without a sharp edge at the transition of dorsal surface to lateral
side, forming only a dull corner or almost complete; apical bands on T2 and

T3 not interrupted or at most pale and pellucid in the middle... 2
2. Scutellum and metanotum with large yellow to brownish yellow spots (Guse-
MletHerm9NG: 2 OO 7) Ashok etvcrspeae nehereet T. (T.) flavus (Lepeletier, 1841)
Soutellim wince micta ne tut lacks 5) 208 ese cncestesadehe dhe cteveuer aaah. asteansitueet cost 3
3 Clypeal apex deeply emarginated (Fig. 3)....... T. (T.) liupanshanensis sp.n.

-- Clypeal apex somewhat emarginated (Gusenleitner 1998, 2007) ........... eee
Aaliste: 1B Meee Lm Aa eie Lopes 4.05 6Ne T. (T.) fertoni (Dusmet, 1925)

Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to James M. Carpenter (American Museum of Natural History,
New York, USA), Dr. Josef Gusenleitner (Linz, Austria) and Dr. P. Girish Kumar (Hy-
menoptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India) for providing copies of
many references and important comments; and we express our hearty thanks to Prof.
Guodong Ren (Hebei University, Baoding, China) for providing us with the specimens
deposited in its Insect Collection under his care. This study was funded by the Na-
tional Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos: 31372247, 31000976, 31072265),
Chongqing Science and Technology Commission (cstc2013jcyjA80015), Young Tal-
ent Incubation Programme of Chongqing Normal University (14CSDG07), and the
Par-Eu Scholars Program.

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