Literature on the production and formulation of isolates of Bacillus sphaericus that are highly larvicidal for mosquitoes is reviewed with recommendations for future research. Both large and small scale fermentation is possible using a variety of raw materials or synthetic media. Amino acids are the preferred nitrogen source and the bacterium requires the vitamins biotin and thiamine for growth and Ca ++ and Mn ++ for sporulation. It is highly aerobic and grows well between 25o and 40oC with a neutral pH, but sporulation and toxin production may be inhibited above 35oC. Formulation of B. sphaericus will enable easier storage, mixing and application as well as improve stability, efficacy and residual activity. In addition to wettable powders, optimal utilization of this bacterium will require the development of liquid, granular and sustained release formulations.