An introduction to entomology

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Scientific Names on this Page

Indexed by Global Names

An introduction to entomology

Kirby, William, 1759-1850

Spence, William, 1783-1860

London, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, 1818-1826

https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49997

Cambridge University Library

JISC & NEH

Rights:
Darwin Estate and Cambridge University Library

Copyright Status:
In copyright

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Contributed by Cambridge University Library

Annotation Not Available

lines 16—19 score
line 18 underline "swallows"
from annotation 12 (Q) Emigrating insects not usually social — makes case odder
from annotation 12 Emigrating insects not social congregating like some Birds — & some birds congregate without emigrating —

lines 1—2 score

lines 24—31 score

lines 25—29 score

lines 30—32 score

lines 10—13 score
from annotation 31 Bees, Wasps & Ants, one female lays foundation. How in Termites p35 they seem never to work (Q) (Full account of Societies of Ants & Bees &c

line 17 score
lines 17—18 underline "ants ... lays"

lines 17—18 score
line 17 underline "⟨a species name⟩"

lines 17—18 score

lines 21—22 score

lines 28—29 score
lines 28—29 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

line 2 score
line 2 underline "four ... female"

lines 6—9 score

lines 29—32 score

lines 2—3 underline "a ... get"
from annotation 31 Bees, Wasps & Ants, one female lays foundation. How in Termites p35 they seem never to work (Q) (Full account of Societies of Ants & Bees &c
from annotation 35 Termites contend for the females
from annotation 35 workers of Termites ⟨illegible⟩ Queen.—

lines 3—5 score

lines 6—9 score
lines 6—9 annotation “ ”

lines 10—14 score

lines 20—23 score

line 29 score

top-margin annotation Probably nascent female never practices the work of a soldier ant — not has it same structure? any structure which profits its work in early days wd be selected. Ask F. Smith V. F. Smiths work on Ants

line 1 score

lines 3—8 annotation The jaws of soldiers must have been made by selection

lines 4—6 score

line 27 underline "toujours"
lines 28—29 underline "⟨most of line⟩"
lines 26—28 score
lines 26—28 annotation Q

lines 1—3 score
line 2 underline "females ... birds"

top-margin annotation xx I can understand a neuter having any instinct which the female could have had, but no others cd have been acquired by habit
from annotation p55 workers usually found to come back

line 3 underline "⟨most of line⟩"
lines 1—4 score
lines 2—5 annotation origin of most instincts in neuters xx

line 7 score

lines 13—14 underline "prudent ... instinct"
lines 13—18 annotation Neuters do not breed! How instinct acquired.

lines 19—21 score

lines 19—22 score
line 20 underline "workers"

lines 24—25 underline "who ... out"

lines 29—30 score
lines 29—30 underline "some ... common"
lines 29—30 annotation So one female may wish to determine others!

lines 2—6 score

lines 16—17 score
lines 16—17 underline "besides ... bag"
lines 12—29 annotation Many insects have reacting glands of anus for bad smells &c & we here see, used either as sting, or poured into wound.

lines 27—30 score

lines 5—7 score

lines 7—13 score

lines 19—23 score
from annotation 74 (Q) Each ant seemed to know its own fellow of nest — p.80 Slave ants Bees (Q)
from annotation 74 Each ant knows its own nest & males Do not go out till Workers Slaves are ready

lines 5—6 annotation Slaves

lines 10—12 score

lines 21—24 annotation Latreille confirms

lines 27—31 score

lines 7—10 score
from annotation 77 Slave makers are not allowed to go abroad till others have neuter pupae

line 14 score

line 15 score
line 15 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

lines 24—25 score

lines 30—31 score
lines 30—31 underline "link ... Myrmica"

lines 15—16 score
line 15 underline "composed ... neuters"

lines 21—22 score

lines 28—29 annotation x
lines 28—32 annotation only fighting neuters
from annotation 74 (Q) Each ant seemed to know its own fellow of nest — p.80 Slave ants Bees (Q)

lines 34—38 score
lines 34—38 annotation they have no neuters then? or many soldiers??

lines 35—38 score

bottom-margin annotation like Cuckoos with their eggs in other birds Nests

line 1 underline "⟨a species name⟩"

line 7 score
line 7 underline "others ... purpose"

line 29 underline "⟨a species name⟩"

line 6 score

lines 1—2 annotation x Smith sold Myrmica

line 3 annotation xx

lines 13—14 underline "Active ... field"
lines 13—17 annotation so these are neuters

lines 17—18 underline "So ... they"

line 21 underline "will ... suffer"
line 21 annotation XX impossible to explain

line 29 annotation x

lines 22—26 score
from annotation 86 The Slave feed the Slave making Neuters — Do the Negros in their own nest feed Males or Queen ??

lines 7—8 annotation x

line 16 underline "the ... helpless"
line 16 annotation gradation

line 18 score

line 29 score

lines 30—32 score

line 5 score

lines 9—12 score

lines 15—16 underline "It ... character"
lines 12—16 annotation for the Negroes dread the Robbers

lines 27—28 score

line 25 score
line 26 underline "alternately"

line 30 score
line 30 underline "that ... cows"

lines 3—5 score

line 10 score

line 3 score

lines 5—9 score

line 10 annotation x
line 10 underline "with ... pays"

lines 20—21 score

line 21 annotation x

lines 9—11 score
from annotation (p.92. Migrations)

lines 12—14 score

line 18 score

lines 18—21 score

line 15 score

lines 16—20 score

line 27 score

line 23 score

line 31 score

lines 1—2 score

line 9 underline "male"

line 9 underline "than ... female"

lines 18—19 score

lines 26—27 score

lines 29—30 score

line 16 underline "the ... females"
lines 14—16 annotation Ask F. Smith

line 20 score
line 20 underline "in ... resemble"

line 23 score

lines 29—31 score

lines 24—30 score

lines 9—11 score
line 9 underline "honey ... pollen"
line 10 underline "males ... females"
line 11 underline "pure honey"

line 12 score

line 20 score

line 2 underline "between ... workers"

lines 5—7 score

lines 8—10 score

lines 11—12 score

lines 10—11 score

lines 13—15 score

lines 24—25 score

lines 1—5 score
from annotation p.119 Bees boring holes, p.523 references on ditto
from annotation 119 Hive Bees begging Honey from Humble. Means of new Instinct 207 Corsairs

lines 6—7 score

lines 8—27 score
lines 11—27 annotation How new instincts cd arise

line 30 score

line 32 score

line 4 underline "Two females"

lines 10—11 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

lines 11—14 score

line 12 underline "are ... occurrence"

line 35 underline "shorter"
line 35 annotation Queen

lines 1—2 score
lines 1—2 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

line 3 underline "straighter maxillae"

line 4 underline "not ... theirs"

lines 12—13 score
lines 12—13 underline "⟨most of line⟩"
lines 12—13 annotation Q

line 1 score

lines 2—3 score

line 4 score

lines 5—8 score

lines 31—32 score

lines 10—12 score
lines 10—11 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

line 14 underline "differently ... mandibles"

lines 17—18 annotation Q

line 20 score

line 21 underline "curve ... sting"

line 22 underline "wax-pockets"

line 25 score

lines 13—21 score

lines 24—28 score

line 12 score

line 14 underline "those ... four"

line 17 score

lines 14—23 score

lines 21—24 annotation acquired to injurious self

lines 24—26 score
lines 24—26 annotation false instinct injurious

lines 12—13 annotation Q

line 15 score

line 6 at "the" annotation worker

lines 22—23 underline "for ... fortiori"

line 12 score

lines 9—15 underline "⟨whole line⟩"
from annotation 148, 155 — Neuters keeping Queens prisoners — (may say endless strong instincts & then allude generally — Ch. 8 & no passage known few other Bees Known.—

line 20 underline "of ... her"

bottom-margin annotation it is difficult to believe the workers could have acquired these instincts when they were gender before their neutrality was gained.

line 15 score

lines 16—24 annotation Maternal aversion !! how accustomed we are to maternal affection=

lines 26—30 score
line 30 annotation p.148

lines 7—11 score
line 9 annotation p.148

lines 13—14 score

lines 6—10 score
lines 7—27 annotation X 148 in state of females, they could never have learnt so to respect & value a female; this implies there being few females & hence the neuters having their femality cd not acquire it.
from annotation 148, 155 — Neuters keeping Queens prisoners — (may say endless strong instincts & then allude generally — Ch. 8 & no passage known few other Bees Known.—

line 11 score
lines 12—17 score
lines 13—19 annotation XX this might arise from mere social affection originally

line 20 underline "pregnant state"

lines 26—27 score
line 27 underline "enable"

lines 29—31 score
line 30 underline "twenty ... day"

line 32 score

lines 3—5 score
line 3 underline "sometimes"

line 8 underline "at ... to"

lines 24—25 score

lines 1—4 score

top-margin annotation What are males fed on
from annotation 161 Confused & mistaken instincts in Hive Bees

line 1 score
line 1 underline "laying ... worker"

line 2 underline "male cells"

lines 5—6 score

lines 6—7 underline "male ... ones"

lines 7—9 score

lines 8—11 annotation “ ”
lines 10—11 underline "male ... jelly"
line 11 score

line 12 score

lines 13—14 score

lines 26—31 score

lines 3—4 score
lines 3—4 annotation X p.148

lines 3—5 score

lines 8—10 score

line 12 score
line 12 underline "Here ... defective"

line 15 score

line 12 score

line 16 score

line 23 underline "male ... royal"

lines 4—5 score

lines 13—16 score
lines 14—15 underline "result ... drone"

line 3 score
line 3 underline "both ... young"

line 22 score

lines 5—7 score

lines 17—19 score

lines 8—11 score

lines 24—28 score

lines 30—31 score

lines 10—12 score
from annotation 2/187 Knight on artificial Propolis —

line 32 underline "Philos. ... 1807"

lines 20—30 score
lines 28—29 underline "⟨most of line⟩"
lines 21—27 annotation shows not individual Knowledge

lines 4—5 score
lines 4—5 annotation like Humbles X

lines 6—7 score
from annotation 194 Ventilating Hive

line 5 underline "workers"

lines 10—11 score

line 14 underline "in files"

line 18 underline "twenty"

line 24 underline "retinas"

lines 6—8 score

lines 17—19 score
from annotation 119 Hive Bees begging Honey from Humble. Means of new Instinct 207 Corsairs

lines 8—10 score

lines 26—31 score

lines 7—9 score

lines 5—8 score

lines 21—23 score

lines 18—24 score

lines 3—5 score
from annotation 231 Beetle living in Hot-bed & standing Boiling water.

lines 16—17 score

line 20 underline "hot dung"
lines 20—21 score
lines 20—21 annotation not by nature

lines 24—25 annotation !
line 25 underline "native station"

line 6 underline "orange ... thorax"

lines 8—9 score

lines 12—14 score

lines 15—17 score
line 16 underline "by ... death"
from annotation 234 Beetles shamming death (Q)
from annotation 234 shamming Death

line 19 underline "which ... dead"

lines 8—9 score

line 18 score

line 19 underline "simulation ... death"

line 22 score

lines 23—24 annotation “ ”

lines 5—9 score

lines 10—32 score

lines 26—29 score

lines 4—9 score
line 4 underline "pupa"

lines 6—10 score

lines 25—28 score

lines 1—10 score

lines 14—18 score

lines 15—19 score

lines 1—8 score

line 3 underline "⟨a species name⟩"

lines 20—21 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

line 24 underline "base ... elytra"

line 27 underline "would ... their"

lines 1—4 score
from annotation p395 Beetle Pneum

lines 18—20 score

lines 19—25 score

lines 3—6 score

lines 5—10 score

lines 16—22 score

lines 3—13 score

lines 8—10 score
line 9 underline "though ... light"

lines 27—28 score

line 1 underline "is winged"

lines 20—21 score

lines 18—22 score

lines 8—18 score
from annotation 420 Showers of insects falling

top-margin annotation A, How gradually acquired?

lines 7—12 score
line 7 annotation A

lines 20—28 score

lines 16—20 score

lines 11—16 score

lines 20—21 score
lines 20—21 annotation ?

line 28 score
line 28 underline "ii.325"
line 28 annotation ?

lines 8—11 score
from annotation X 470 young Bees making comb perfectly

lines 13—22 score

line 13 underline "faculties"
from annotation 471 (Q) Definition of instinct — 473 (Q) good remark on
from annotation 471 good definition of Instinct

lines 14—16 underline "independent ... view"

line 16 at "without"
line 16 annotation necessarily or even generally

lines 17—19 score

lines 20—21 underline "which ... ignorance"

lines 9—14 score

lines 30—33 score

lines 12—19 score
from annotation 471 (Q) Definition of instinct — 473 (Q) good remark on
from annotation 473 Spiders Nets pitt-falls insects beat higher animals

line 14 score
line 23 score
line 23 underline "All"
lines 14—16 annotation Migrations
Hatching eggs
Bears ⟨?⟩Houses

lines 25—32 score
line 28 underline "regular cities"
line 28 underline "nets ... artfully"

line 32 underline "sheep ... labour"
line 32 underline "pit-fall"

line 8 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

line 27 underline "never attempts"

line 27 annotation ?

line 21 underline "variation ... accommodation"

line 22 underline "among ... numerous"

lines 29—32 score
line 29 underline "cow ... horse"

lines 31—32 underline "⟨most of line⟩"

line 1 score
from annotation 476 NQ Substitution of one material for another
from annotation 476 case of sensible adaptation of instinct of insects (Door of intelligence) 487 /495/

lines 5—9 score
line 5 underline "bark"
line 6 underline "pieces ... paper"

lines 29—31 score
lines 29—31 annotation x
line 31 underline "span ... web"

bottom-margin annotation X These seem to show that they do know end in view or rather what they work for

lines 7—8 score

lines 2—6 score

lines 12—24 score

lines 29—30 underline "requiring ... only"

lines 25—31 score
line 31 underline "Bonnet"

lines 1—16 score
lines 1—16 annotation See to this it wd appear as if the latter brood had acquired this instinct
from annotation 481 (Q) Instincts of same species different at two Seasons
from annotation (481 Marked variation at 2 times of year

line 32 underline "Oeuvres, ix.370"

lines 1—4 score

lines 27—30 score
line 28 underline "lids ... ordinary"

lines 5—11 score

lines 13—17 score

lines 30—32 score

line 19 underline "glass"

lines 3—6 score
from annotation 476 case of sensible adaptation of instinct of insects (Door of intelligence) 487 /495/

lines 10—12 score
line 11 annotation good

lines 26—30 score

lines 9—12 score
line 10 underline "propolis ... mixture"

lines 15—16 score
from annotation 492 (Q) instinct 496 good remarks on not reason — 507 good

bottom-margin annotation compare them to bricklayer born with consummate art — & provided with actual instruments

lines 18—20 score
line 19 underline "would ... less"

lines 20—27 score

lines 11—32 score
line 20 underline "the former"
line 21 underline "the ... latter"
lines 14—15 annotation Knitting
from annotation 476 case of sensible adaptation of instinct of insects (Door of intelligence) 487 /495/
from annotation 2/495 cells longer on one side of comb opposed to Waterhouse.—

bottom-margin annotation The difficulty is just as great if we look at instinct as innate power

line 26 underline "Variations ... instincts"
from annotation 492 (Q) instinct 496 good remarks on not reason — 507 good
from annotation 496 argues not reason

lines 28—30 score

bottom-margin annotation It comes to this because reason goes so far & no further, it is not reason. An Australian cd not do Principia.—

line 29 underline "always"
bottom-margin annotation How do we know this

lines 3—4 score

lines 22—23 score

lines 23—27 annotation Knight on use of ⟨?⟩grafting Mixture

lines 28—31 score

lines 5—10 score

lines 27—30 score

line 19 underline "manifold"

lines 20—21 score

line 1 underline "not mean"

lines 2—4 score

lines 18—20 score
line 20 underline "another"

lines 26—27 score

line 29 score

line 31 score

lines 6—8 score

lines 27—30 score

lines 4—7 score

lines 2—4 score

lines 8—10 score

lines 5—10 score
line 8 underline "A third"

lines 11—14 score

lines 2—5 score

lines 22—29 score

lines 1—3 score
from annotation 492 (Q) instinct 496 good remarks on not reason — 507 good

lines 5—7 score

line 8 score

lines 16—18 score

lines 18—20 score

lines 6—8 score

line 16 score

lines 17—18 score

lines 30—31 score

lines 5—7 score

lines 6—25 score

lines 23—28 score

lines 4—11 score
from annotation 511 wonderful (Q)
from annotation 513, 511 Perhaps old instinct retained

lines 25—30 score
lines 25—26 annotation old instinct retained

lines 30—31 underline "fed ... maturity"

bottom-margin annotation is this given ordinarily to all queen larvae

lines 7—12 score
from annotation 513, 511 Perhaps old instinct retained

lines 23—26 score
lines 23—26 annotation (a)

bottom-margin annotation (a) One may suppose that originally many queens were ordinarily thus reared & a few workers & the instinct is thus retained

lines 22—25 score
from annotation 514 Reason (Q)

lines 21—28 score

lines 8—13 score
from annotation 516 Really reason

lines 17—20 score

lines 25—29 score

lines 23—30 score

lines 10—13 score
from annotation 519 Ants in hot place not moving Pupae X

lines 15—20 score

lines 21—22 annotation Q

lines 24—28 score
lines 24—32 annotation like Robin which built on Steam Engine

lines 1—3 score

lines 19—26 score

lines 4—7 score

lines 5—9 score

lines 12—15 score

lines 16—19 score
from annotation p.119 Bees boring holes, p.523 references on ditto

line 5 underline "all"

line 11 underline "⟨a species name⟩"
line 11 annotation not indigenous

lines 4—7 score
from annotation 525 Communication of Knowledge in Ants

lines 19—30 score

lines 14—17 score

lines 3—27 score
from annotation 529 Swarm successive years

lines 5—11 score

annotation p395 Beetle Pneum